वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-7, verse-55

अत्यर्थं सक्तमनसो रावणे ता वरस्त्रियः ।
अस्वतन्त्राः सपत्नीनां प्रियमेवाचरंस्तदा ॥५५॥

55. atyarthaṃ saktamanaso rāvaṇe tā varastriyaḥ ,
asvatantrāḥ sapatnīnāṃ priyamevācaraṃstadā.

55. atyartham saktamanasaḥ rāvaṇe tāḥ varastriyaḥ
asvatantrāḥ sapatnīnām priyam eva ācaran tadā

55. Those splendid women, whose minds were exceedingly devoted to Rāvaṇa, being dependent, then behaved only in a manner agreeable to their co-wives.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, very much

• सक्तमनसः (saktamanasaḥ) - whose minds were attached, devoted in mind

• रावणे (rāvaṇe) - in Rāvaṇa, to Rāvaṇa

• ताः (tāḥ) - those

• वरस्त्रियः (varastriyaḥ) - excellent women, beautiful women

• अस्वतन्त्राः (asvatantrāḥ) - not independent, dependent, unfree

• सपत्नीनाम् (sapatnīnām) - of co-wives

• प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved, pleasing thing

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• आचरन् (ācaran) - they performed, they did, they behaved

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, very much

(indeclinable)

From ati (excessive) + artha (meaning, purpose, wealth).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – over, beyond, excessive, very
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix.
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

सक्तमनसः (saktamanasaḥ) - whose minds were attached, devoted in mind

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of saktamanas

saktamanas - having an attached mind, devoted

From sakta (attached) + manas (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sakta+manas)

• sakta – attached, devoted, clinging
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root sañj (to cling, attach), class 7.
  Root: sañj (class 7)
• manas – mind, intellect, heart
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man

Note: Nominative plural, feminine, qualifying varastriyaḥ.

रावणे (rāvaṇe) - in Rāvaṇa, to Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the demon king)

Note: Implies attachment 'in' or 'to' Rāvaṇa.

ताः (tāḥ) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the women.

वरस्त्रियः (varastriyaḥ) - excellent women, beautiful women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of varastrī

varastrī - excellent woman, splendid woman, chosen woman

From vara (excellent, best) + strī (woman).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vara+strī)

• vara – best, excellent, desired, boons
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: vṛ
• strī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the verb ācaran.

अस्वतन्त्राः (asvatantrāḥ) - not independent, dependent, unfree

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of asvatantrā

asvatantrā - not independent, dependent, unfree

From a (negation) + svatantra (independent).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+svatantra)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• svatantra – independent, self-controlled
  adjective (masculine)
  From sva (self) + tantra (system, dependent).

सपत्नीनाम् (sapatnīnām) - of co-wives

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of sapatnī

sapatnī - co-wife, rival wife

Derived from sa (with) + patnī (wife).

Note: Indicates the recipients of the 'pleasing' actions.

प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved, pleasing thing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Object of the verb ācaran.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes that they did only what was pleasing to their co-wives.

आचरन् (ācaran) - they performed, they did, they behaved

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ācar

imperfect active

Root car (to move, go, perform), class 1, with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: The verb governing the actions of the women.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from the pronominal stem tad.

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