वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-64, verse-9

इतस्तु किं दुःखतरं यदिमं वारिसंभवम् ।
मणिं पश्यामि सौमित्रे वैदेहीमागतं विना ॥९॥

9. itastu kiṃ duḥkhataraṃ yadimaṃ vārisaṃbhavam ,
maṇiṃ paśyāmi saumitre vaidehīmāgataṃ vinā.

9. itaḥ tu kim duḥkhataram yat imam vārisaṃbhavam
maṇim paśyāmi saumitre vaidehīm āgatam vinā

9. saumitre,
itaḥ tu kim duḥkhataram,
yat imam vārisaṃbhavam maṇim vaidehīm vinā āgatam paśyāmi

9. O son of Sumitrā (Saumitre), what could be more sorrowful than this, that I see this pearl (literally, 'water-born jewel') which has arrived without Vaidehī (Sītā)?

Words meanings summery:

• इतः (itaḥ) - than this (situation) (from this, than this, hence)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• किम् (kim) - what (what, how, why)

• दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - more sorrowful (more painful, more sorrowful)

• यत् (yat) - that (introducing a clause) (that (conjunction), which)

• इमम् (imam) - this

• वारिसंभवम् (vārisaṁbhavam) - born of water (referring to a pearl) (water-born, aquatic)

• मणिम् (maṇim) - jewel (specifically a pearl, given 'water-born') (jewel, gem, pearl)

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see (I see, I behold)

• सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O son of Sumitrā (referring to Lakṣmaṇa) (O son of Sumitrā)

• वैदेहीम् (vaidehīm) - Vaidehī (Sītā)

• आगतम् (āgatam) - having arrived (arrived, come)

• विना (vinā) - without

Words meanings and morphology

इतः (itaḥ) - than this (situation) (from this, than this, hence)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable formed from idam (this).

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle of contrast or emphasis.

किम् (kim) - what (what, how, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - more sorrowful (more painful, more sorrowful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkhatara

duḥkhatara - more painful, more difficult, more sorrowful

Comparative degree

Comparative form of duḥkha (pain, sorrow) using suffix -tara.

यत् (yat) - that (introducing a clause) (that (conjunction), which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Relative pronoun, neuter singular nominative/accusative.

Note: Here acting as a conjunction meaning 'that'.

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this (proximate demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with maṇim.

वारिसंभवम् (vārisaṁbhavam) - born of water (referring to a pearl) (water-born, aquatic)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vārisaṃbhava

vārisaṁbhava - water-born, produced from water

Compound word.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāri+saṃbhava)

• vāri – water
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix:
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• saṃbhava – birth, origin, production
  noun (masculine)
  From sam + bhū (to be, to arise).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with maṇim.

मणिम् (maṇim) - jewel (specifically a pearl, given 'water-born') (jewel, gem, pearl)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maṇi

maṇi - jewel, gem, pearl

Prefix:

Root: man (class 4)

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see (I see, I behold)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Active

Present tense 1st person singular form of the root dṛś, with stem paśya.

Prefix:

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O son of Sumitrā (referring to Lakṣmaṇa) (O son of Sumitrā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā (Lakṣmaṇa)

Patronymic (aptya) from Sumitrā.

वैदेहीम् (vaidehīm) - Vaidehī (Sītā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - a woman from Videha, Sītā

Feminine derivative of 'videha' (belonging to Videha).

Note: Object of vinā.

आगतम् (āgatam) - having arrived (arrived, come)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, returned

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root gam (to go) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

विना (vinā) - without

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing accusative (or instrumental, ablative).