वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-76, verse-24

ते हयैर्गोरथैः शीघ्रैः स्यन्दनैश्च मनोजवैः ।
सह योधैर्बलाध्यक्षा बलं सर्वमचोदयन् ॥२४॥

24. te hayairgorathaiḥ śīghraiḥ syandanaiśca manojavaiḥ ,
saha yodhairbalādhyakṣā balaṃ sarvamacodayan.

24. te hayaiḥ go-rathaiḥ śīghraiḥ syandanaiḥ ca mano-javaiḥ
saha yodhaiḥ bala-adhyakṣāḥ balam sarvam acodayan

24. te balādhyakṣāḥ yodhaiḥ saha hayaiḥ gorathaiḥ śīghraiḥ
ca manojavaiḥ syandanaiḥ sarvam balam acodayan

24. Those army commanders (balādhyakṣāḥ), accompanied by warriors, set the entire army in motion with swift horses, bullock-carts, and chariots swift as thought.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses

• गो-रथैः (go-rathaiḥ) - by bullock-carts, by ox-carts

• शीघ्रैः (śīghraiḥ) - by swift, by quick

• स्यन्दनैः (syandanaiḥ) - by chariots

• च (ca) - and, also

• मनो-जवैः (mano-javaiḥ) - by mind-swift, swift as thought

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• योधैः (yodhaiḥ) - by warriors, with warriors

• बल-अध्यक्षाः (bala-adhyakṣāḥ) - army commanders, chiefs of the army

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - entire, whole, all

• अचोदयन् (acodayan) - they urged, they impelled, they set in motion

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Root: hi (class 5)

गो-रथैः (go-rathaiḥ) - by bullock-carts, by ox-carts

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of go-ratha

go-ratha - bullock-cart, ox-cart

Compound type : tatpurusha (go+ratha)

• go – cow, ox, bull
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh (class 1)

शीघ्रैः (śīghraiḥ) - by swift, by quick

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śīghra

śīghra - swift, quick, speedy

Note: Agrees with 'syandanaiḥ' or 'rathaiḥ'

स्यन्दनैः (syandanaiḥ) - by chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of syandana

syandana - chariot, flowing, gliding

Root: syand (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मनो-जवैः (mano-javaiḥ) - by mind-swift, swift as thought

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mano-java

mano-java - swift as thought, quick as mind

Compound type : bahuvrihi (manas+java)

• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)
• java – speed, swiftness, velocity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ju (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'syandanaiḥ'

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case (yodhaiḥ)

योधैः (yodhaiḥ) - by warriors, with warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter

Root: yudh (class 4)

बल-अध्यक्षाः (bala-adhyakṣāḥ) - army commanders, chiefs of the army

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bala-adhyakṣa

bala-adhyakṣa - superintendent of an army, army chief

Compound type : tatpurusha (bala+adhyakṣa)

• bala – strength, power, army
  noun (neuter)
• adhyakṣa – superintendent, chief, overseer
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: akṣ (class 1)

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

सर्वम् (sarvam) - entire, whole, all

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

अचोदयन् (acodayan) - they urged, they impelled, they set in motion

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (luṅ) of coday

imperfect active, causative stem

imperfect 3rd plural of causative stem of root cud

Root: cud (class 10)

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