वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-76, verse-27

स राघवः सत्यधृतिः प्रतापवान्ब्रुवन् सुयुक्तं दृढसत्यविक्रमः ।
गुरुं महारण्यगतं यशस्विनं प्रसादयिष्यन्भरतो ऽब्रवीत्तदा ॥२७॥

27. sa rāghavaḥ satyadhṛtiḥ pratāpavānbruvan suyuktaṃ dṛḍhasatyavikramaḥ ,
guruṃ mahāraṇyagataṃ yaśasvinaṃ prasādayiṣyanbharato'bravīttadā.

27. saḥ rāghavaḥ satyadhṛtiḥ pratāpavān
bruvan suyuktam dṛḍhasatyavikramaḥ
gurum mahāraṇyagatam yaśasvinam
prasādayiṣyan bharataḥ abravīt tadā

27. tadā satyadhṛtiḥ pratāpavān
dṛḍhasatyavikramaḥ saḥ rāghavaḥ mahāraṇyagatam
yaśasvinam gurum prasādayiṣyan
suyuktam bruvan bharataḥ abravīt

27. Then, Bharata, steadfast in his resolve, mighty, and resolute in his true valor, spoke what was very appropriate, intending to appease his glorious elder (guru) who had gone to the great forest.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Referring to Bharata. (he, that)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Bharata, as a descendant of Raghu. (descendant of Raghu)

• सत्यधृतिः (satyadhṛtiḥ) - Bharata, being firm in his resolve to bring Rama back. (firm in resolve, whose resolve is true)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - Bharata, displaying his inherent strength and dignity. (mighty, powerful, majestic)

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - Bharata, as he was speaking. (speaking, saying)

• सुयुक्तम् (suyuktam) - Describing the nature of Bharata's speech. (very appropriate, well-reasoned, well-fitted)

• दृढसत्यविक्रमः (dṛḍhasatyavikramaḥ) - Bharata, demonstrating his unwavering resolve and strength. (whose valor/might is firm and true)

• गुरुम् (gurum) - Referring to Rama, Bharata's revered elder brother. (preceptor, teacher, revered one, elder)

• महारण्यगतम् (mahāraṇyagatam) - Rama, who had gone to the great forest for exile. (gone to the great forest)

• यशस्विनम् (yaśasvinam) - Rama, known for his fame and virtues. (glorious, famous, renowned)

• प्रसादयिष्यन् (prasādayiṣyan) - Bharata's motivation for speaking to Rama. (intending to appease, intending to propitiate, intending to pacify)

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - The speaker in this verse. (Bharata (name of Rama's brother))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Bharata's action of speaking. (spoke, said)

• तदा (tadā) - Indicates the timing of Bharata's speech. (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Referring to Bharata. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Bharata, as a descendant of Raghu. (descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu; son of Raghu; an epithet of Rama, Lakshmana, Bharata, Shatrughna

Derived from Raghu with the patronymic suffix -a (aṇ)

सत्यधृतिः (satyadhṛtiḥ) - Bharata, being firm in his resolve to bring Rama back. (firm in resolve, whose resolve is true)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyadhṛti

satyadhṛti - firm resolve; one who has firm resolve

Compound type : bahuvrihi (satya+dhṛti)

• satya – true, real, truthful; truth, reality
  adjective (masculine)
• dhṛti – holding, firmness, steadfastness, resolve, courage
  noun (feminine)
  From √dhṛ (to hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - Bharata, displaying his inherent strength and dignity. (mighty, powerful, majestic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - glorious, majestic, powerful, mighty

Derived from pratāpa with the suffix -vat

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - Bharata, as he was speaking. (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

From √brū (to speak), present active participle, masculine nominative singular

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Functions as a verb in a participial clause.

सुयुक्तम् (suyuktam) - Describing the nature of Bharata's speech. (very appropriate, well-reasoned, well-fitted)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of suyukta

suyukta - well-joined, well-fitted, appropriate, suitable, well-reasoned

Prefix: su

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Adverbial use, modifying `bruvan` or describing the speech (implied object).

दृढसत्यविक्रमः (dṛḍhasatyavikramaḥ) - Bharata, demonstrating his unwavering resolve and strength. (whose valor/might is firm and true)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛḍhasatyavikrama

dṛḍhasatyavikrama - one whose valor is firm and true

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dṛḍha+satya+vikrama)

• dṛḍha – firm, strong, hard, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dṛh (to be firm)
  Root: dṛh (class 1)
• satya – true, real, truthful; truth, reality
  adjective (masculine)
• vikrama – step, stride, valor, heroism, might, power
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-√kram (to step forth)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Refers to Bharata.

गुरुम् (gurum) - Referring to Rama, Bharata's revered elder brother. (preceptor, teacher, revered one, elder)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - heavy, weighty; venerable, respectable; teacher, preceptor, elder (guru)

Note: Object of `prasādayiṣyan`.

महारण्यगतम् (mahāraṇyagatam) - Rama, who had gone to the great forest for exile. (gone to the great forest)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāraṇyagata

mahāraṇyagata - gone to a great forest

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahāraṇya+gata)

• mahāraṇya – great forest, wilderness
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, arrived, reached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `gurum`.

यशस्विनम् (yaśasvinam) - Rama, known for his fame and virtues. (glorious, famous, renowned)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, renowned, celebrated

From yaśas with suffix -vin

Note: Qualifies `gurum`.

प्रसादयिष्यन् (prasādayiṣyan) - Bharata's motivation for speaking to Rama. (intending to appease, intending to propitiate, intending to pacify)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasādayiṣyat

prasādayiṣyat - intending to appease, desiring to calm

Future Active Participle (Desiderative)

From pra-√sad (to be gracious, to calm) in the causative, future active participle, masculine nominative singular

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Describes Bharata.

भरतः (bharataḥ) - The speaker in this verse. (Bharata (name of Rama's brother))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of an ancient king and Rama's brother); one who is maintained or supported; an actor

Note: Subject of `abravīt`.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Bharata's action of speaking. (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active Third Person Singular

Aorist form (Luṅ) but used as imperfect in classical Sanskrit.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Derived from √brū.

तदा (tadā) - Indicates the timing of Bharata's speech. (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)