वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-76, verse-14

यद्धि मात्रा कृतं पापं नाहं तदभिरोचये ।
इहस्थो वनदुर्गस्थं नमस्यामि कृताञ्जलिः ॥१४॥

14. yaddhi mātrā kṛtaṃ pāpaṃ nāhaṃ tadabhirocaye ,
ihastho vanadurgasthaṃ namasyāmi kṛtāñjaliḥ.

14. yat hi mātrā kṛtam pāpam na aham tat abhirochaye
ihasthaḥ vanadurgastham namasyāmi kṛtāñjaliḥ

14. yat hi mātrā kṛtam pāpam tat na aham abhirochaye
ihasthaḥ kṛtāñjaliḥ vanadurgastham namasyāmi

14. I certainly do not approve of the sin (pāpam) that was committed by my mother. Standing here, with folded hands (kṛtāñjaliḥ), I salute the one residing in that impenetrable forest.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - that which (which, what, that)

• हि (hi) - certainly, indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, surely, because)

• मात्रा (mātrā) - by my mother (Kaikeyī) (by mother)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - committed (done, made, performed)

• पापम् (pāpam) - the sin (sin, evil deed, wrong)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Bharata) (I)

• तत् (tat) - that (sin) (that)

• अभिरोछये (abhirochaye) - I do not approve of (I approve of, I like, I desire)

• इहस्थः (ihasthaḥ) - I, standing here (standing here, being here)

• वनदुर्गस्थम् (vanadurgastham) - the one residing in that impenetrable forest (Rāma) (situated in a difficult forest, residing in a forest fort)

• नमस्यामि (namasyāmi) - I salute (I bow, I salute, I worship)

• कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (as a gesture of respect) (having made añjali (folded hands), with folded hands)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - that which (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to pāpam.

हि (hi) - certainly, indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the statement.

मात्रा (mātrā) - by my mother (Kaikeyī) (by mother)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Agent of kṛtam.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - committed (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

from root kṛ- (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies pāpam.

पापम् (pāpam) - the sin (sin, evil deed, wrong)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wicked, vice

Note: Subject of the first clause (implied 'asti').

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb abhirochaye.

अहम् (aham) - I (Bharata) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Subject of abhirochaye.

तत् (tat) - that (sin) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers back to pāpam.

अभिरोछये (abhirochaye) - I do not approve of (I approve of, I like, I desire)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ruc

Present Indicative

1st person singular middle present indicative of ruc with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Usually takes dative for the object, but accusative (tat) is also seen.

इहस्थः (ihasthaḥ) - I, standing here (standing here, being here)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ihastha

ihastha - standing here, being here

Compound of iha (here) and stha (standing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (iha+stha)

• iha – here, in this place
  indeclinable
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/suffix -stha
  from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to Bharata, the implied subject of namasyāmi.

वनदुर्गस्थम् (vanadurgastham) - the one residing in that impenetrable forest (Rāma) (situated in a difficult forest, residing in a forest fort)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vanadurgastha

vanadurgastha - situated in a difficult forest, forest-dwelling

Compound of vana (forest), durga (difficult, fort), and stha (standing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+durga+stha)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• durga – difficult, inaccessible, fortress, stronghold
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/suffix -stha
  from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of namasyāmi. Refers to Rāma.

नमस्यामि (namasyāmi) - I salute (I bow, I salute, I worship)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of namasyā

Present Indicative (Denominative)

1st person singular active present indicative, denominative verb formed from noun namas (bow, reverence)

Root: namas

Note: Subject is aham (implied).

कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (as a gesture of respect) (having made añjali (folded hands), with folded hands)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - having made añjali (a gesture of respect with folded hands)

Bahuvrīhi compound: kṛta (done/made) + añjali (folded hands)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ- (to do, to make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – the cavity formed by folding the hands, a gesture of reverence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies aham (implied subject of namasyāmi).

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