वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-76, verse-12

ज्येष्ठः श्रेष्ठश्च धर्मात्मा दिलीपनहुषोपमः ।
लब्धुमर्हति काकुत्स्थो राज्यं दशरथो यथा ॥१२॥

12. jyeṣṭhaḥ śreṣṭhaśca dharmātmā dilīpanahuṣopamaḥ ,
labdhumarhati kākutstho rājyaṃ daśaratho yathā.

12. jyeṣṭhaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ ca dharmātmā dilīpanahuṣopamaḥ
labdhum arhati kākutsthaḥ rājyam daśarathaḥ yathā

12. kākutsthaḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ ca śreṣṭhaḥ ca dharmātmā
dilīpanahuṣopamaḥ daśarathaḥ yathā rājyam labdhum arhati

12. Being the eldest, most excellent (śreṣṭhaḥ), whose very being is aligned with natural law (dharmātmā), and comparable to (upamaḥ) Dilīpa and Nahuṣa, the descendant of Kakutstha (Kākutstha) deserves to obtain the kingdom, just as Daśaratha did.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest (brother, referring to Rāma) (eldest, greatest, chief)

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the most excellent (Rāma) (best, most excellent, superior)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - whose very being is aligned with natural law (dharma) (whose soul is natural law, righteous, virtuous)

• दिलीपनहुषोपमः (dilīpanahuṣopamaḥ) - as great as the legendary kings Dilīpa and Nahuṣa (comparable to Dilīpa and Nahuṣa)

• लब्धुम् (labdhum) - to obtain (the kingdom) (to obtain, to get, to gain)

• अर्हति (arhati) - deserves (deserves, is able, ought)

• काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - Rāma, a descendant of the Ikṣvāku dynasty (whose ancestor was Kakutstha) (descendant of Kakutstha)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (of Ayodhyā) (kingdom, dominion)

• दशरथः (daśarathaḥ) - King Daśaratha (Daśaratha)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

Words meanings and morphology

ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest (brother, referring to Rāma) (eldest, greatest, chief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, greatest, chief, best

Superlative of vṛddha/vr̥ddh (old)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the most excellent (Rāma) (best, most excellent, superior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, superior

Superlative of praśasya (praiseworthy)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - whose very being is aligned with natural law (dharma) (whose soul is natural law, righteous, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous soul, virtuous, whose nature is justice/duty

Bahuvrīhi compound: dharma (natural law) + ātman (self/soul)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, individual soul
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

दिलीपनहुषोपमः (dilīpanahuṣopamaḥ) - as great as the legendary kings Dilīpa and Nahuṣa (comparable to Dilīpa and Nahuṣa)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dilīpanahuṣopama

dilīpanahuṣopama - similar to Dilīpa and Nahuṣa

Bahuvrīhi compound of Dilīpa, Nahuṣa, and upama. More specifically, a Dvandva of Dilipa and Nahuṣa followed by a Tatpurusha with upama (simile).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dilīpa+nahuṣa+upama)

• dilīpa – Dilīpa (name of a legendary king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nahuṣa – Nahuṣa (name of a legendary king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• upama – likeness, comparison, simile
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rāma.

लब्धुम् (labdhum) - to obtain (the kingdom) (to obtain, to get, to gain)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form from root labh

Root: labh (class 1)

अर्हति (arhati) - deserves (deserves, is able, ought)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Indicative

3rd person singular active present indicative of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Subject is kākutsthaḥ.

काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - Rāma, a descendant of the Ikṣvāku dynasty (whose ancestor was Kakutstha) (descendant of Kakutstha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha (a name for Rāma and other kings of the Ikṣvāku dynasty)

Patronymic from Kakutstha

Note: This refers to Rāma.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (of Ayodhyā) (kingdom, dominion)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty

Note: Object of labdhum.

दशरथः (daśarathaḥ) - King Daśaratha (Daśaratha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Daśaratha (name of a king, father of Rāma)

Note: Forms part of the comparison 'just as Daśaratha'.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms a comparison.

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