वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-76, verse-10

चरितब्रह्मचर्यस्य विद्या स्नातस्य धीमतः ।
धर्मे प्रयतमानस्य को राज्यं मद्विधो हरेत् ॥१०॥

10. caritabrahmacaryasya vidyā snātasya dhīmataḥ ,
dharme prayatamānasya ko rājyaṃ madvidho haret.

10. caritabrahmacaryasya vidyā snātasya dhīmataḥ
dharme prayatamānasya kaḥ rājyam madvidhaḥ haret

10. kaḥ madvidhaḥ caritabrahmacaryasya vidyā snātasya
dhīmataḥ dharme prayatamānasya rājyam haret

10. Who, being like me, would seize the kingdom from one who has observed the vow of celibacy (brahmacarya), who has completed his education, who is intelligent, and who endeavors in (dharma)?

Words meanings summery:

• चरितब्रह्मचर्यस्य (caritabrahmacaryasya) - of one (Rama) who has strictly observed the student's vow of celibacy (brahmacarya) (of one who has practiced (brahmacarya))

• विद्या (vidyā) - by virtue of knowledge (referring to the completion of studies) (knowledge, learning, science)

• स्नातस्य (snātasya) - of one (Rama) who has completed his Vedic studies (symbolized by the ritual bath) (of one who has bathed, of one who has completed studies)

• धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the intelligent and discerning one (Rama) (of the wise, of the intelligent)

• धर्मे (dharme) - in the path of (dharma) (in (dharma), in righteousness, in duty)

• प्रयतमनस्य (prayatamanasya) - of one (Rama) who consistently strives (of one who strives, of one who endeavors)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (among honest people) (who, what)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the royal kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, dominion)

• मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - a person like myself (Bharata) (one like me, of my kind)

• हरेत् (haret) - would dare to seize (would take, should seize, might carry away)

Words meanings and morphology

चरितब्रह्मचर्यस्य (caritabrahmacaryasya) - of one (Rama) who has strictly observed the student's vow of celibacy (brahmacarya) (of one who has practiced (brahmacarya))

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of caritabrahmacarya

caritabrahmacarya - one who has performed or observed (brahmacarya)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (carita+brahmacarya)

• carita – practiced, observed, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'car' (to move, to perform, to practice).
  Root: car (class 1)
• brahmacarya – student life, celibacy, religious studentship
  noun (neuter)

विद्या (vidyā) - by virtue of knowledge (referring to the completion of studies) (knowledge, learning, science)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, wisdom

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Used here as instrumental, meaning 'by means of knowledge' or 'in relation to knowledge', qualifying 'snātasya'.

स्नातस्य (snātasya) - of one (Rama) who has completed his Vedic studies (symbolized by the ritual bath) (of one who has bathed, of one who has completed studies)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of snāta

snāta - bathed, purified, washed, one who has completed a course of sacred study

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'snā' (to bathe, to wash).

Root: snā (class 2)

धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the intelligent and discerning one (Rama) (of the wise, of the intelligent)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - wise, intelligent, sensible, clever

Derived from 'dhī' (intellect) with suffix '-mat'.

धर्मे (dharme) - in the path of (dharma) (in (dharma), in righteousness, in duty)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रयतमनस्य (prayatamanasya) - of one (Rama) who consistently strives (of one who strives, of one who endeavors)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prayatatamāna

yat - to strive, to endeavor, to exert oneself

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root 'yat' (to strive) with upasarga 'pra' and the middle voice ending.

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

कः (kaḥ) - who (among honest people) (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the royal kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, dominion)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty, government

मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - a person like myself (Bharata) (one like me, of my kind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madvidha

madvidha - like me, of my kind or sort

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+vidha)

• mat – from me
  pronoun
  Ablative of 'asmad' (I, me), used as the first part of a compound.
• vidha – kind, sort, manner, form
  noun (masculine)

हरेत् (haret) - would dare to seize (would take, should seize, might carry away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhilin) of hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

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