महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-53, verse-12

स तूत्तमौजा निशितैः पृषत्कैर्विव्याध खड्गेन च भास्वरेण ।
पार्ष्णिं हयांश्चैव कृपस्य हत्वा शिखण्डिवाहं स ततोऽभ्यरोहत् ॥१२॥

12. sa tūttamaujā niśitaiḥ pṛṣatkai;rvivyādha khaḍgena ca bhāsvareṇa ,
pārṣṇiṁ hayāṁścaiva kṛpasya hatvā; śikhaṇḍivāhaṁ sa tato'bhyarohat.

12. saḥ tu uttamaujāḥ niśitaiḥ pṛṣatkaiḥ
vivyādha khaḍgena ca bhāsvareṇa
pārṣṇim hayān ca eva kṛpasya hatvā
śikhaṇḍi-vāham saḥ tataḥ abhyarohat

12. saḥ tu uttamaujāḥ niśitaiḥ pṛṣatkaiḥ ca bhāsvareṇa khaḍgena vivyādha.
kṛpasya pārṣṇim ca hayān eva hatvā,
saḥ tataḥ śikhaṇḍi-vāham abhyarohat

12. But that Uttamaujas, having struck with sharp arrows and with a shining sword, and having killed Kṛpa's charioteer and horses, then mounted Śikhaṇḍin's chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that Uttamaujas (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• उत्तमौजाः (uttamaujāḥ) - Uttamaujas

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - describing the arrows (pṛṣatkaiḥ) (sharp, sharpened, keen)

• पृषत्कैः (pṛṣatkaiḥ) - by arrows

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, wounded, struck

• खड्गेन (khaḍgena) - by the sword, with a sword

• च (ca) - and

• भास्वरेण (bhāsvareṇa) - describing the sword (shining, glittering, luminous)

• पार्ष्णिम् (pārṣṇim) - Kṛpa's charioteer (one who stands at the heel/rear of the chariot) (charioteer; heel)

• हयान् (hayān) - Kṛpa's horses (horses)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, also, even

• कृपस्य (kṛpasya) - of Kṛpa

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having struck down

• शिखण्डि-वाहम् (śikhaṇḍi-vāham) - Śikhaṇḍin's chariot/mount

• सः (saḥ) - Uttamaujas (he, that)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• अभ्यरोहत् (abhyarohat) - mounted, ascended

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that Uttamaujas (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

उत्तमौजाः (uttamaujāḥ) - Uttamaujas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttamaujas

uttamaujas - Uttamaujas (a proper name, a Pāñcāla warrior)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - describing the arrows (pṛṣatkaiḥ) (sharp, sharpened, keen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, whetted, keen, pointed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from root √śo/śā (to sharpen) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni-

Root: śo (class 4)

पृषत्कैः (pṛṣatkaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pṛṣatka

pṛṣatka - arrow

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, wounded, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vivyādha

Perfect 3rd singular active

Root √vyadh (class 4) with prefix vi-. Perfect tense, 3rd person, singular number, active voice.

Prefix: vi-

Root: vyadh (class 4)

खड्गेन (khaḍgena) - by the sword, with a sword

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, scimitar

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भास्वरेण (bhāsvareṇa) - describing the sword (shining, glittering, luminous)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhāsvara

bhāsvara - shining, bright, radiant, splendid

From root √bhās (to shine)

Root: bhās (class 1)

पार्ष्णिम् (pārṣṇim) - Kṛpa's charioteer (one who stands at the heel/rear of the chariot) (charioteer; heel)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣṇi

pārṣṇi - heel; rear of an army; enemy, rival; (by extension) charioteer

हयान् (hayān) - Kṛpa's horses (horses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

Root: hi (class 5)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, also, even

(indeclinable)

कृपस्य (kṛpasya) - of Kṛpa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (proper name, a warrior and teacher)

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having struck down

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from root √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

शिखण्डि-वाहम् (śikhaṇḍi-vāham) - Śikhaṇḍin's chariot/mount

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍi-vāha

śikhaṇḍi-vāha - Śikhaṇḍin's chariot or vehicle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śikhaṇḍi+vāha)

• śikhaṇḍi – Śikhaṇḍin (proper name, a warrior on the Pāṇḍava side)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vāha – carrier, bearer; vehicle, chariot, mount
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vah (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - Uttamaujas (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

अभ्यरोहत् (abhyarohat) - mounted, ascended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhyarohat

Imperfect 3rd singular active

Root √ruh (class 1) with prefixes abhi- and ā-. Imperfect tense, 3rd person, singular number, active voice.

Prefixes: abhi-+ā-

Root: ruh (class 1)