महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-53, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
तेषामनीकानि बृहद्ध्वजानि रणे समृद्धानि समागतानि ।
गर्जन्ति भेरीनिनदोन्मुखानि मेघैर्यथा मेघगणास्तपान्ते ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
teṣāmanīkāni bṛhaddhvajāni; raṇe samṛddhāni samāgatāni ,
garjanti bherīninadonmukhāni; meghairyathā meghagaṇāstapānte.

1. sañjaya uvāca teṣām anīkāni
bṛhaddhvajāni raṇe samṛddhāni samāgatāni
garjanti bherīninadonmukhāni
meghaiḥ yathā meghagaṇāḥ tapānte

1. sañjaya uvāca teṣām bṛhaddhvajāni
raṇe samṛddhāni samāgatāni
anīkāni bherīninadonmukhāni garjanti
yathā tapānte meghaiḥ meghagaṇāḥ

1. Sañjaya said: Their assembled armies, mighty in battle and bearing great banners, roared, facing the sound of the war drums, just as masses of clouds roar with other clouds at the end of the summer season.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, troops

• बृहद्ध्वजानि (bṛhaddhvajāni) - having great banners

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• समृद्धानि (samṛddhāni) - prosperous, mighty, well-equipped

• समागतानि (samāgatāni) - assembled, gathered, arrived

• गर्जन्ति (garjanti) - they roar, they thunder

• भेरीनिनदोन्मुखानि (bherīninadonmukhāni) - facing the sound of war drums

• मेघैः (meghaiḥ) - by clouds

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• मेघगणाः (meghagaṇāḥ) - masses of clouds, groups of clouds

• तपान्ते (tapānte) - at the end of summer/heat

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (proper name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

root verb, Class 2 (adādi), perfect tense (liṭ)

Root: vac (class 2)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, troops

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, array of troops

Note: Can also be accusative plural depending on context, but here it is the subject of 'garjanti'.

बृहद्ध्वजानि (bṛhaddhvajāni) - having great banners

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bṛhaddhvaja

bṛhaddhvaja - having great banners or flags

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bṛhat+dhvaja)

• bṛhat – great, large, vast
  adjective
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'anīkāni'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war, conflict

समृद्धानि (samṛddhāni) - prosperous, mighty, well-equipped

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of samṛddha

samṛddha - prosperous, thriving, abundant, accomplished, powerful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'ṛdh' (to prosper, grow) with the prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'anīkāni'.

समागतानि (samāgatāni) - assembled, gathered, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of samāgata

samāgata - assembled, gathered, arrived, met with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'gam' (to go) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'anīkāni'.

गर्जन्ति (garjanti) - they roar, they thunder

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of garj

root verb, Class 1 (bhvādi), present tense (laṭ)

Root: garj (class 1)

भेरीनिनदोन्मुखानि (bherīninadonmukhāni) - facing the sound of war drums

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bherīninadonmukha

bherīninadonmukha - having faces turned towards the sound of war drums

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bherīninada+unmukha)

• bherī – kettle-drum, war-drum
  noun (feminine)
• ninada – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
• unmukha – facing, having the face turned up or towards
  adjective
  Prefix: ud

Note: Agrees with 'anīkāni'.

मेघैः (meghaiḥ) - by clouds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of megha

megha - cloud

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

मेघगणाः (meghagaṇāḥ) - masses of clouds, groups of clouds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of meghagaṇa

meghagaṇa - group of clouds, mass of clouds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (megha+gaṇa)

• megha – cloud
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, multitude, host
  noun (masculine)

तपान्ते (tapānte) - at the end of summer/heat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tapānta

tapānta - end of heat, end of summer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapa+anta)

• tapa – heat, summer, asceticism, penance
  noun (masculine)
• anta – end, boundary, limit
  noun (masculine)