महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-41, verse-8

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
चिन्तयामास विदुरस्तमृषिं संशितव्रतम् ।
स च तच्चिन्तितं ज्ञात्वा दर्शयामास भारत ॥८॥

8. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
cintayāmāsa vidurastamṛṣiṁ saṁśitavratam ,
sa ca taccintitaṁ jñātvā darśayāmāsa bhārata.

8. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca | cintayām āsa viduraḥ tam ṛṣim
saṃśitavratam | saḥ ca tat cintitam jñātvā darśayām āsa bhārata

8. Vaiśampāyana said: "Vidura pondered over that ascetic (ṛṣi) who had taken a firm vow. And the ascetic, knowing what he had pondered, revealed himself, O Bhārata."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• चिन्तयाम् (cintayām) - having thought, having pondered

• आस (āsa) - was, became

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

• तम् (tam) - that (ṛṣi) (that, him)

• ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, ascetic

• संशितव्रतम् (saṁśitavratam) - one who has taken a firm vow, firm in his vows

• सः (saḥ) - the ascetic (Sanatsujāta) (he, that)

• च (ca) - and

• तत् (tat) - that (which was pondered) (that, it)

• चिन्तितम् (cintitam) - what had been pondered (thought, pondered, considered)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, knowing

• दर्शयाम् (darśayām) - having shown, showing

• आस (āsa) - was, became

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

Root vac (Class 2) takes reduplication and specific endings for the perfect tense. Forms uvāca.

Root: vac (class 2)

चिन्तयाम् (cintayām) - having thought, having pondered

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cintayā

cintayā - thinking, pondering

Derived from root cint (to think), forming a nominal part of a periphrastic perfect verb.

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Part of the periphrastic perfect construction 'cintayām āsa'.

आस (āsa) - was, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of as

Perfect Active

Root as (Class 2), perfect tense form. Used with a nominal form to create periphrastic perfect.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Part of the periphrastic perfect construction 'cintayām āsa' (he pondered).

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of a wise character in the Mahabharata)

तम् (tam) - that (ṛṣi) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it (demonstrative pronoun)

ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, ascetic

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, ascetic, inspired poet

संशितव्रतम् (saṁśitavratam) - one who has taken a firm vow, firm in his vows

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃśitavrata

saṁśitavrata - one who has taken a firm vow, firm in his vows

Bahuvrihi compound: saṃśita (sharpened, firm) + vrata (vow). 'One whose vows are firm.'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃśita+vrata)

• saṃśita – sharpened, firm, resolute
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śi (to sharpen) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śi (class 2)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)

सः (saḥ) - the ascetic (Sanatsujāta) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it (demonstrative pronoun)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (which was pondered) (that, it)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it (demonstrative pronoun)

चिन्तितम् (cintitam) - what had been pondered (thought, pondered, considered)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cintita

cintita - thought, pondered, considered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root cint (to think)

Root: cit (class 10)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, knowing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root jñā (Class 9)

Root: jñā (class 9)

दर्शयाम् (darśayām) - having shown, showing

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of darśayā

darśayā - showing, causing to see

Derived from causative of root dṛś (to see), forming a nominal part of a periphrastic perfect verb.

Root: dṛś (class 10)

Note: Part of the periphrastic perfect construction 'darśayām āsa'.

आस (āsa) - was, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of as

Perfect Active

Root as (Class 2), perfect tense form. Used with a nominal form to create periphrastic perfect.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Part of the periphrastic perfect construction 'darśayām āsa' (he revealed/showed).

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian

Note: A common address in the Mahabharata, here referring to Dhritarashtra.