महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-41, verse-7

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
ब्रवीहि विदुर त्वं मे पुराणं तं सनातनम् ।
कथमेतेन देहेन स्यादिहैव समागमः ॥७॥

7. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
bravīhi vidura tvaṁ me purāṇaṁ taṁ sanātanam ,
kathametena dehena syādihaiva samāgamaḥ.

7. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca | bravīhi vidura tvam me purāṇam tam
sanātanam | katham etena dehena syāt iha eva samāgamaḥ

7. Dhritarashtra said: "Vidura, please tell me that ancient and eternal (sanātanam) teaching. How can union (samāgamaḥ) be achieved right here with this very body?"

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - tell, speak

• विदुर (vidura) - Vidura (vocative)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient (teaching) (ancient, old, a purana)

• तम् (tam) - that (teaching) (that, him)

• सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, perpetual, everlasting

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• एतेन (etena) - by this (masculine/neuter)

• देहेन (dehena) - by the body

• स्यात् (syāt) - can be achieved (may be, might be, should be)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• एव (eva) - right here, this very (only, just, indeed, very)

• समागमः (samāgamaḥ) - union, meeting, conjunction

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of the blind king in Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

Root vac (Class 2) takes reduplication and specific endings for the perfect tense. Forms uvāca.

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Active

Root brū (Class 2, also takes special forms)

Root: brū (class 2)

विदुर (vidura) - Vidura (vocative)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of a wise character in the Mahabharata)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

yuṣmad - you

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, ego

Enclitic form of the first person pronoun.

Note: Here used in dative sense: 'to me'.

पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient (teaching) (ancient, old, a purana)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old; (as noun) an ancient tale, Purana (scripture)

Note: Agrees with 'tat' (that) and 'sanātanam' (eternal) referring to a teaching or knowledge.

तम् (tam) - that (teaching) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Here grammatically masculine singular accusative, likely referring to 'dharma' or 'śāstra' implicitly, or a masculine concept of 'teaching'.

सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, perpetual, everlasting

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, everlasting, ancient

Note: Agrees with 'purāṇam' (ancient) and 'tat' (that).

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

एतेन (etena) - by this (masculine/neuter)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'dehena' (by the body).

देहेन (dehena) - by the body

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body

स्यात् (syāt) - can be achieved (may be, might be, should be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Active

Root as (Class 2)

Root: as (class 2)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - right here, this very (only, just, indeed, very)

(indeclinable)

समागमः (samāgamaḥ) - union, meeting, conjunction

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāgama

samāgama - union, meeting, conjunction, assembly

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefixes sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)