महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-295, verse-16

तेषां समुपविष्टानां नकुलो दुःखितस्तदा ।
अब्रवीद्भ्रातरं ज्येष्ठममर्षात्कुरुसत्तम ॥१६॥

16. teṣāṁ samupaviṣṭānāṁ nakulo duḥkhitastadā ,
abravīdbhrātaraṁ jyeṣṭhamamarṣātkurusattama.

16. teṣām samupaviṣṭānām nakulaḥ duḥkhitaḥ tadā
abravīt bhrātaram jyeṣṭham amarṣāt kurusattama

16. As they were all seated together, Nakula, feeling distressed, then spoke to his elder brother, O best of Kurus, out of indignation.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, to them

• समुपविष्टानाम् (samupaviṣṭānām) - of those who were seated, among those who were seated

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

• दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - distressed, sorrowful, unhappy

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

• ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - elder, eldest, greatest

• अमर्षात् (amarṣāt) - out of indignation, from anger, from intolerance

• कुरुसत्तम (kurusattama) - Refers to Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava brother. (O best of Kurus, O greatest among Kurus)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, to them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, them

Note: Can also be neuter plural genitive. Context indicates masculine.

समुपविष्टानाम् (samupaviṣṭānām) - of those who were seated, among those who were seated

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of samupaviṣṭa

samupaviṣṭa - seated, settled, assembled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √viś with upasargas sam and upa

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣām'.

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - mongoose; name of a Pandava brother

दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - distressed, sorrowful, unhappy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, grieved, pained, sorrowful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √duḥkh (to suffer)

Root: duḥkh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nakulaḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, with augment 'a'

Root: brū (class 2)

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - elder, eldest, greatest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, best, greatest

Note: Agrees with 'bhrātaram'.

अमर्षात् (amarṣāt) - out of indignation, from anger, from intolerance

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of amarṣa

amarṣa - indignation, intolerance, impatience, anger

कुरुसत्तम (kurusattama) - Refers to Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava brother. (O best of Kurus, O greatest among Kurus)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurusattama

kurusattama - best of Kurus

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+sattama)

• kuru – a member of the Kuru dynasty; name of an ancient kingdom
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'sat' (good)

Note: A vocative compound.