महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-71, verse-10

बह्वीनां कीदृशं दानमल्पानां वापि कीदृशम् ।
अदत्त्वा गोप्रदाः सन्ति केन वा तच्च शंस मे ॥१०॥

10. bahvīnāṁ kīdṛśaṁ dānamalpānāṁ vāpi kīdṛśam ,
adattvā gopradāḥ santi kena vā tacca śaṁsa me.

10. bahvīnām kīdṛśam dānam alpānām vā api kīdṛśam
adattvā gopradāḥ santi kena vā tat ca śaṃsa me

10. me śaṃsa bahvīnām dānam kīdṛśam alpānām vā api kīdṛśam.
adattvā gopradāḥ kena vā santi? tat ca.

10. What kind of offering is it when many cows are given, and what kind when few are given? How can some people be regarded as givers of cows without having actually given any? Please explain that to me.

Words meanings summery:

• बह्वीनाम् (bahvīnām) - of many (cows) (of many, of numerous)

• कीदृशम् (kīdṛśam) - of what kind, what sort of

• दानम् (dānam) - gift, donation, offering

• अल्पानाम् (alpānām) - of few (cows) (of few, of a small number)

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• कीदृशम् (kīdṛśam) - of what kind, what sort of

• अदत्त्वा (adattvā) - without giving, not having given

• गोप्रदाः (gopradāḥ) - givers of cows, cow-donors

• सन्ति (santi) - are, exist

• केन (kena) - by what, by whom, by what means

• वा (vā) - or

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• च (ca) - and, also

• शंस (śaṁsa) - tell, relate, declare

• मे (me) - to me, for me

Words meanings and morphology

बह्वीनाम् (bahvīnām) - of many (cows) (of many, of numerous)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

कीदृशम् (kīdṛśam) - of what kind, what sort of

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kīdṛśa

kīdṛśa - of what sort, what kind of, like what

दानम् (dānam) - gift, donation, offering

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, donation, gift, offering

From root dā (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

अल्पानाम् (alpānām) - of few (cows) (of few, of a small number)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, plural of alpa

alpa - small, little, few

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

कीदृशम् (kīdṛśam) - of what kind, what sort of

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kīdṛśa

kīdṛśa - of what sort, what kind of, like what

अदत्त्वा (adattvā) - without giving, not having given

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dā (to give) with ktvā suffix, prefixed with 'a-' for negation.

Root: dā (class 3)

गोप्रदाः (gopradāḥ) - givers of cows, cow-donors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of goprada

goprada - giver of cows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+prada)

• go – cow, ox; earth; ray of light
  noun (masculine/feminine)
• prada – giver, bestower, one who gives
  noun (masculine)
  From root dā (to give) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dā (class 3)

सन्ति (santi) - are, exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

केन (kena) - by what, by whom, by what means

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which; why, how

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शंस (śaṁsa) - tell, relate, declare

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śaṃs

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Here functioning as dative.