महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-71, verse-4

किं त्वस्ति मम संदेहो गवां लोकं प्रति प्रभो ।
तत्त्वतः श्रोतुमिच्छामि गोदा यत्र विशन्त्युत ॥४॥

4. kiṁ tvasti mama saṁdeho gavāṁ lokaṁ prati prabho ,
tattvataḥ śrotumicchāmi godā yatra viśantyuta.

4. kim tu asti mama sandehaḥ gavām lokam prati prabho
tattvataḥ śrotum icchāmi godāḥ yatra viśanti uta

4. kim tu prabho,
mama sandehaḥ asti gavām lokam prati.
tattvataḥ icchāmi śrotum yatra godāḥ uta viśanti

4. But, O lord, I have a doubt regarding the world of cows. I truly wish to hear precisely where those who perform the act of giving (dāna) cows go.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - but (what, but, however)

• तु (tu) - but (but, yet, on the other hand)

• अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

• मम (mama) - my (my, mine)

• सन्देहः (sandehaḥ) - doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows (of cows, of cattle)

• लोकम् (lokam) - world, realm (world, realm, space)

• प्रति (prati) - regarding (towards, regarding, concerning)

• प्रभो (prabho) - O lord (O lord, O master)

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - precisely, truly (in truth, truly, accurately, essentially)

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish (I wish, I desire)

• गोदाः (godāḥ) - those who perform the act of giving (dāna) cows (givers of cows)

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

• विशन्ति (viśanti) - they go (they enter, they go into)

• उत (uta) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (and, or, moreover, indeed)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - but (what, but, however)

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but (but, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often combined with 'kim' to emphasize 'but'.

अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Indicative

3rd person singular present indicative

Root: as (class 2)

मम (mama) - my (my, mine)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Used possessively, 'my doubt'.

सन्देहः (sandehaḥ) - doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sandeha

sandeha - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

Prefix: sam

Root: dih (class 4)

Note: Subject of asti.

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows (of cows, of cattle)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle; earth; ray of light

Note: 'gavām lokam' - the world of cows.

लोकम् (lokam) - world, realm (world, realm, space)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, space

Note: Governed by prati.

प्रति (prati) - regarding (towards, regarding, concerning)

(indeclinable)

प्रभो (prabho) - O lord (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, king, powerful

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - precisely, truly (in truth, truly, accurately, essentially)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tattva' (reality, truth) with suffix -tas (ablative/adverbial)

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of śru

Infinitive

Infinitive form of verb root śru-

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Object of icchāmi.

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish (I wish, I desire)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Indicative

1st person singular present indicative

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

गोदाः (godāḥ) - those who perform the act of giving (dāna) cows (givers of cows)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of goda

goda - cow-giver, one who bestows cows

Compound 'go-da' from 'go' (cow) and root 'dā' (to give)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (go+da)

• go – cow, ox
  noun (feminine)
• da – giver, bestower (from root dā)
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Suffix -a (kvip) after root dā- to give
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of viśanti.

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

विशन्ति (viśanti) - they go (they enter, they go into)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of viś

Present Indicative

3rd person plural present indicative

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Verb for godāḥ.

उत (uta) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (and, or, moreover, indeed)

(indeclinable)