महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-25, verse-10

अधर्मनिरतो मूढो मिथ्या यो वै द्विजातिषु ।
दद्यान्मर्मातिगं शोकं तं विद्याद्ब्रह्मघातिनम् ॥१०॥

10. adharmanirato mūḍho mithyā yo vai dvijātiṣu ,
dadyānmarmātigaṁ śokaṁ taṁ vidyādbrahmaghātinam.

10. yaḥ adharmanirataḥ mūḍhaḥ vai mithyā dvijātiṣu
marmātigaṃ śokaṃ dadyāt taṃ vidyāt brahmaghātinaṃ

10. yaḥ adharmanirataḥ mūḍhaḥ vai mithyā dvijātiṣu
marmātigaṃ śokaṃ dadyāt taṃ brahmaghātinaṃ vidyāt

10. Whoever, being foolish and engrossed in unrighteousness (adharma), indeed causes heart-rending sorrow to the twice-born, one should consider him a murderer of a brahmin.

Words meanings summery:

• अधर्मनिरतः (adharmanirataḥ) - engrossed in unrighteousness (devoted to unrighteousness, intent on unrighteousness)

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish (foolish, deluded, bewildered)

• मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely (falsely, wrongly, incorrectly, untruly)

• यः (yaḥ) - Whoever (who, whoever)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, assuredly (an emphatic particle))

• द्विजातिषु (dvijātiṣu) - to the twice-born (among the twice-born, among brahmins)

• मर्मातिगं (marmātigaṁ) - heart-rending (deeply piercing, affecting vital parts, heart-rending)

• शोकं (śokaṁ) - sorrow (sorrow, grief, anguish)

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - causes (by giving sorrow) (one should give, may give, might give)

• तं (taṁ) - him (him, that one)

• विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should consider (one should know, one should consider)

• ब्रह्मघातिनं (brahmaghātinaṁ) - a murderer of a brahmin (a brahmin-killer, one who commits a great sin)

Words meanings and morphology

अधर्मनिरतः (adharmanirataḥ) - engrossed in unrighteousness (devoted to unrighteousness, intent on unrighteousness)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharmanirata

adharmanirata - devoted to unrighteousness, delighting in evil

Compound type : tatpurusha (adharma+nirata)

• adharma – unrighteousness, impropriety, vice
  noun (masculine)
  Negative of dharma
  Prefix: a
• nirata – delighting in, devoted to, intent on
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root ram 'to delight' with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: ram (class 1)

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish (foolish, deluded, bewildered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, stupid, deluded, bewildered

Past Passive Particple

Past passive participle of root muh 'to be bewildered'

Root: muh (class 4)

मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely (falsely, wrongly, incorrectly, untruly)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - Whoever (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, assuredly (an emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)

द्विजातिषु (dvijātiṣu) - to the twice-born (among the twice-born, among brahmins)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (a brahmin, kshatriya, or vaishya)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, species, caste
  noun (feminine)
  From root jan 'to be born'
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The locative case here expresses "among" or "to/towards" (a sphere of influence).

मर्मातिगं (marmātigaṁ) - heart-rending (deeply piercing, affecting vital parts, heart-rending)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of marmātiga

marmātiga - going to the vitals, deeply piercing, heart-rending

Compound type : tatpurusha (marma+atiga)

• marma – vital spot, tender point, secret
  noun (neuter)
• atiga – going beyond, transcending, piercing
  adjective
  From root i 'to go' with prefix ati
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with śokaṃ.

शोकं (śokaṁ) - sorrow (sorrow, grief, anguish)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, anguish

From root śuc 'to grieve'

Root: śuc (class 1)

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - causes (by giving sorrow) (one should give, may give, might give)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dā

Optative active

3rd person singular active optative of root dā (3rd class)

Root: dā (class 3)

तं (taṁ) - him (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should consider (one should know, one should consider)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vid

Optative active

3rd person singular active optative of root vid (2nd class)

Root: vid (class 2)

ब्रह्मघातिनं (brahmaghātinaṁ) - a murderer of a brahmin (a brahmin-killer, one who commits a great sin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of brahmaghātin

brahmaghātin - a brahmin-killer, murderer of a brahmin (a grave sin)

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+ghātin)

• brahman – brahmin, the Absolute Reality
  noun (masculine)
• ghātin – killer, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root han 'to strike, kill'
  Root: han (class 2)