महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-25, verse-8

यः प्रवृत्तां श्रुतिं सम्यक्शास्त्रं वा मुनिभिः कृतम् ।
दूषयत्यनभिज्ञाय तं विद्याद्ब्रह्मघातिनम् ॥८॥

8. yaḥ pravṛttāṁ śrutiṁ samyakśāstraṁ vā munibhiḥ kṛtam ,
dūṣayatyanabhijñāya taṁ vidyādbrahmaghātinam.

8. yaḥ pravṛttāṃ śrutiṃ samyak śāstraṃ vā munibhiḥ
kṛtam dūṣayati anabhijñāya taṃ vidyāt brahmaghātinaṃ

8. yaḥ pravṛttāṃ śrutiṃ vā munibhiḥ kṛtam śāstraṃ samyak
anabhijñāya dūṣayati taṃ brahmaghātinaṃ vidyāt

8. Whoever, without properly understanding, reviles the established sacred tradition or a scripture composed by sages, one should consider him a murderer of a brahmin.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - Whoever (who, whoever)

• प्रवृत्तां (pravṛttāṁ) - established (established, promulgated, set in motion)

• श्रुतिं (śrutiṁ) - the sacred Vedic tradition (hearing, sacred tradition, Veda)

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly (properly, correctly, completely)

• शास्त्रं (śāstraṁ) - a scripture (instruction, rule, scripture, science)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• मुनिभिः (munibhiḥ) - by sages (by sages, by ascetics)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - composed (done, made, performed, composed)

• दूषयति (dūṣayati) - reviles, censures (corrupts, blames, censures, defiles)

• अनभिज्ञाय (anabhijñāya) - without properly understanding (without knowing, without understanding)

• तं (taṁ) - him (him, that one)

• विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should consider (one should know, one should consider)

• ब्रह्मघातिनं (brahmaghātinaṁ) - a murderer of a brahmin (a brahmin-killer, one who commits a great sin)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - Whoever (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

प्रवृत्तां (pravṛttāṁ) - established (established, promulgated, set in motion)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, active, customary, well-established

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root vṛt 'to be, turn' with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śrutiṃ.

श्रुतिं (śrutiṁ) - the sacred Vedic tradition (hearing, sacred tradition, Veda)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śruti

śruti - hearing, sacred knowledge, revelation (Veda)

From root śru 'to hear'

Root: śru (class 1)

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly (properly, correctly, completely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying anabhijñāya.

शास्त्रं (śāstraṁ) - a scripture (instruction, rule, scripture, science)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śāstra

śāstra - instruction, precept, rule, treatise, sacred book, science

From root śās 'to teach, instruct'

Root: śās (class 2)

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

मुनिभिः (munibhiḥ) - by sages (by sages, by ascetics)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, devout person

कृतम् (kṛtam) - composed (done, made, performed, composed)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, composed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root kṛ 'to do, make'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with śāstraṃ.

दूषयति (dūṣayati) - reviles, censures (corrupts, blames, censures, defiles)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dūṣ

Causative present active

Causative of root dūṣ (4th class)

Root: dūṣ (class 4)

अनभिज्ञाय (anabhijñāya) - without properly understanding (without knowing, without understanding)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive of root jñā 'to know' with prefixes abhi- and negative particle an

Prefixes: an+abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

तं (taṁ) - him (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should consider (one should know, one should consider)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vid

Optative active

3rd person singular active optative of root vid (2nd class)

Root: vid (class 2)

ब्रह्मघातिनं (brahmaghātinaṁ) - a murderer of a brahmin (a brahmin-killer, one who commits a great sin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of brahmaghātin

brahmaghātin - a brahmin-killer, murderer of a brahmin (a grave sin)

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+ghātin)

• brahman – brahmin, the Absolute Reality
  noun (masculine)
• ghātin – killer, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root han 'to strike, kill'
  Root: han (class 2)