महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-85, verse-9

तस्मात्सान्त्वं प्रकर्तव्यं दण्डमाधित्सतामिह ।
फलं च जनयत्येवं न चास्योद्विजते जनः ॥९॥

9. tasmātsāntvaṁ prakartavyaṁ daṇḍamādhitsatāmiha ,
phalaṁ ca janayatyevaṁ na cāsyodvijate janaḥ.

9. tasmāt sāntvaṃ prakartavyaṃ daṇḍam ādhitsatām iha
phalaṃ ca janayaty evaṃ na ca asya udvijate janaḥ

9. tasmāt daṇḍam ādhitsatām iha sāntvaṃ prakartavyaṃ
ca evaṃ phalaṃ janayati ca asya janaḥ na udvijate

9. Therefore, conciliation should be employed by those who intend to impose punishment here. For it produces good results in this way, and the people are not agitated by it.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• सान्त्वं (sāntvaṁ) - conciliation, gentle words, kind treatment

• प्रकर्तव्यं (prakartavyaṁ) - should be done, ought to be performed/employed

• दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment, staff, rod

• आधित्सताम् (ādhitsatām) - of those wishing to inflict/impose, for those intending to impose

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

• फलं (phalaṁ) - fruit, result, consequence

• च (ca) - and, also

• जनयत्य् (janayaty) - produces, generates, causes

• एवं (evaṁ) - thus, in this manner, so

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्य (asya) - of this, his, her, its

• उद्विजते (udvijate) - becomes agitated, is disturbed, shrinks from

• जनः (janaḥ) - person, people, populace

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सान्त्वं (sāntvaṁ) - conciliation, gentle words, kind treatment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sāntva

sāntva - conciliation, gentle words, kind treatment, soothing

Note: Can also be nominative singular neuter. Context implies it's the object of 'prakartavyam'.

प्रकर्तव्यं (prakartavyaṁ) - should be done, ought to be performed/employed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prakartavya

prakartavya - to be done, to be performed, to be employed

Gerundive

Derived from root kṛ with upasarga pra- and suffix -tavya

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Formed with '-tavya' suffix indicating obligation or fitness.

दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment, staff, rod

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - punishment, staff, rod, penalty

आधित्सताम् (ādhitsatām) - of those wishing to inflict/impose, for those intending to impose

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ādhitsat

ādhitsat - wishing to place upon, intending to inflict/impose

Desiderative Present Active Participle

Derived from root dhā with upasarga ā- in desiderative stem, then suffix -at

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Refers to 'those who wish to inflict punishment'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

(indeclinable)

फलं (phalaṁ) - fruit, result, consequence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: Can also be nominative singular neuter. Context implies it's the object of 'janayati'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

जनयत्य् (janayaty) - produces, generates, causes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of janay

Causative stem of √jan

Causative from root jan

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The 'y' is a sandhi linking element. The base form is janayati.

एवं (evaṁ) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of this, his, her, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'sāntva' (conciliation) or the person employing it.

उद्विजते (udvijate) - becomes agitated, is disturbed, shrinks from

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of udvij

Derived from root vij with upasarga ud-

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

जनः (janaḥ) - person, people, populace

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, man, people, populace, folk