महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-85, verse-8

अदाता ह्यपि भूतानां मधुरामीरयन्गिरम् ।
सर्वलोकमिमं शक्र सान्त्वेन कुरुते वशे ॥८॥

8. adātā hyapi bhūtānāṁ madhurāmīrayangiram ,
sarvalokamimaṁ śakra sāntvena kurute vaśe.

8. adātā hi api bhūtānām madhurām īrayan giram
sarva-lokam imam śakra sāntvena kurute vaśe

8. hi śakra,
adātā api bhūtānām madhurām giram īrayan,
imam sarva-lokam sāntvena vaśe kurute

8. O Śakra, even a person who does not give (adātṛ), by uttering sweet words (gira) to beings, brings this entire world (sarvaloka) under their control (vaśa) through conciliatory speech (sāntva).

Words meanings summery:

• अदाता (adātā) - a non-giver, one who does not give

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - to beings (to beings, of beings, for creatures)

• मधुराम् (madhurām) - sweet (words) (sweet, pleasant (feminine accusative singular))

• ईरयन् (īrayan) - uttering, moving, causing to move

• गिरम् (giram) - word, speech, voice

• सर्व-लोकम् (sarva-lokam) - the whole world, all people

• इमम् (imam) - this (masculine accusative singular)

• शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra (an epithet of Indra)

• सान्त्वेन (sāntvena) - by conciliatory speech, by gentle words

• कुरुते (kurute) - brings under control (he does, makes, performs)

• वशे (vaśe) - under control, in power

Words meanings and morphology

अदाता (adātā) - a non-giver, one who does not give

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of a-dātṛ

a-dātṛ - a non-giver, one who does not bestow

Agent noun

Negative prefix 'a' + agent noun dātṛ (giver) from root dā (to give)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dātṛ)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dātṛ – giver, donor
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - to beings (to beings, of beings, for creatures)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhū (to be, to become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used with a sense of dative 'to' or 'for'

मधुराम् (madhurām) - sweet (words) (sweet, pleasant (feminine accusative singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, pleasant, charming, agreeable

ईरयन् (īrayan) - uttering, moving, causing to move

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īrayat

īrayat - uttering, sending forth, moving, causing to move

Present Active Participle

Derived from root īr (to move, send forth) in its causative form (īrayati)

Root: īr (class 10)

Note: Functions as an adjective describing 'the non-giver'

गिरम् (giram) - word, speech, voice

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gir

gir - word, speech, voice, song

सर्व-लोकम् (sarva-lokam) - the whole world, all people

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarva-loka

sarva-loka - the entire world, all people

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+loka)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• loka – world, people, region
  noun (masculine)

इमम् (imam) - this (masculine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra (an epithet of Indra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - powerful; a name of Indra, the ruler of gods

सान्त्वेन (sāntvena) - by conciliatory speech, by gentle words

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sāntva

sāntva - gentle, soothing, conciliatory; conciliatory speech, solace

कुरुते (kurute) - brings under control (he does, makes, performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'vaśe' to mean 'brings under control'

वशे (vaśe) - under control, in power

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control, authority

Note: Used with kurute to form the idiom 'to bring under control'