महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-44, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततो विसर्जयामास सर्वाः प्रकृतयो नृपः ।
विविशुश्चाभ्यनुज्ञाता यथास्वानि गृहाणि च ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tato visarjayāmāsa sarvāḥ prakṛtayo nṛpaḥ ,
viviśuścābhyanujñātā yathāsvāni gṛhāṇi ca.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tataḥ visarjayāmāsa sarvāḥ prakṛtayaḥ
nṛpaḥ viviśuḥ ca abhyanujñātā yathāsvāni gṛhāṇi ca

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tataḥ nṛpaḥ sarvāḥ prakṛtayaḥ
visarjayāmāsa ca abhyanujñātā yathāsvāni gṛhāṇi ca viviśuḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then the king dismissed all the citizens (prakṛti), and, having been given permission, they each entered their respective homes.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• विसर्जयामास (visarjayāmāsa) - dismissed, sent away

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - citizens, subjects (natures, origins, subjects, citizens, ministers)

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler

• विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - entered

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभ्यनुज्ञाता (abhyanujñātā) - permitted, allowed, given leave

• यथास्वानि (yathāsvāni) - each to their own, according to their own

• गृहाणि (gṛhāṇi) - homes, houses

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a celebrated sage, pupil of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata)

Note: Refers to the narrator of the Mahābhārata.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root 'vac' (to speak), irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

विसर्जयामास (visarjayāmāsa) - dismissed, sent away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of visarjay

Perfect Active

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice. Causative of root 'sṛj' with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Feminine nominative plural, agreeing with 'prakṛtayaḥ'.

प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - citizens, subjects (natures, origins, subjects, citizens, ministers)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, origin, primary substance, original form; subjects, citizens, ministers (prakṛti)

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Here refers to the populace or citizens/subjects.

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, male
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'pā' (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of viś

Perfect Active

Perfect, 3rd person plural, active voice. Root 'viś' (to enter).

Root: viś (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अभ्यनुज्ञाता (abhyanujñātā) - permitted, allowed, given leave

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of abhyanujñāta

abhyanujñāta - permitted, allowed, assented to

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'jñā' with prefixes 'abhi' and 'anu'.

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'prakṛtayaḥ'.

यथास्वानि (yathāsvāni) - each to their own, according to their own

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of yathāsva

yathāsva - each one's own, according to one's own

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+sva)

• yathā – as, like, according to
  indeclinable
• sva – own, one's own
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛhāṇi'.

गृहाणि (gṛhāṇi) - homes, houses

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

Note: Object of the verb 'viviśuḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)