महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-240, verse-21

यथा मत्स्योऽद्भिरन्यः सन्संप्रयुक्तौ तथैव तौ ।
मशकोदुम्बरौ चापि संप्रयुक्तौ यथा सह ॥२१॥

21. yathā matsyo'dbhiranyaḥ sansaṁprayuktau tathaiva tau ,
maśakodumbarau cāpi saṁprayuktau yathā saha.

21. yathā matsyaḥ adbhiḥ anyaḥ san saṃprayuktau tathā eva
tau | maśakaudumbarau ca api saṃprayuktau yathā saha

21. yathā matsyaḥ adbhiḥ anyaḥ san saṃprayuktau,
tathā eva tau ca api yathā maśakaudumbarau saha saṃprayuktau

21. Just as a fish, though distinct from the waters, is connected, so too are those two (sattva and kṣetrajña). Similarly, just as a gnat and an udumbara fig tree are connected together.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

• मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - fish

• अद्भिः (adbhiḥ) - by waters

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, different, distinct

• सन् (san) - being, existing

• संप्रयुक्तौ (saṁprayuktau) - they (sattva and kṣetrajña) are joined (joined, connected, united)

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that way

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• तौ (tau) - those two (sattva and kṣetrajña) (those two, they (dual))

• मशकौदुम्बरौ (maśakaudumbarau) - gnat and udumbara fig tree

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• संप्रयुक्तौ (saṁprayuktau) - they (gnat and udumbara) are joined (joined, connected, united)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

• सह (saha) - together, with

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

(indeclinable)

मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - fish

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - fish

अद्भिः (adbhiḥ) - by waters

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Null stem in some cases; irregular declension.

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, different, distinct

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, different, another

Note: Qualifies 'matsyaḥ'.

सन् (san) - being, existing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

as - to be, to exist

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of root 'as' (to be), nominative singular masculine.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Forms a participle clause with 'anyaḥ'.

संप्रयुक्तौ (saṁprayuktau) - they (sattva and kṣetrajña) are joined (joined, connected, united)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃprayukta

saṁprayukta - joined, connected, united, associated with, occupied with

Past Passive Participle

Formed from sam-pra-yuj (to join, connect).

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that way

(indeclinable)

Correlative to 'yathā'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - those two (sattva and kṣetrajña) (those two, they (dual))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the two principles (sattva and kṣetrajña).

मशकौदुम्बरौ (maśakaudumbarau) - gnat and udumbara fig tree

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of maśakaudumbara

maśakaudumbara - gnat and udumbara fig tree

Itaretara-yoga-dvandva compound.

Compound type : itaretara-yoga-dvandva (maśaka+udumbara)

• maśaka – gnat, mosquito
  noun (masculine)
• udumbara – udumbara fig tree (Ficus racemosa), its fruit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Sandhi for maśaka + udumbarau.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

संप्रयुक्तौ (saṁprayuktau) - they (gnat and udumbara) are joined (joined, connected, united)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃprayukta

saṁprayukta - joined, connected, united, associated with, occupied with

Past Passive Participle

Formed from sam-pra-yuj (to join, connect).

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

(indeclinable)

सह (saha) - together, with

(indeclinable)