महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-20, verse-9

अनर्हते यद्ददाति न ददाति यदर्हते ।
अनर्हार्हापरिज्ञानाद्दानधर्मोऽपि दुष्करः ॥९॥

9. anarhate yaddadāti na dadāti yadarhate ,
anarhārhāparijñānāddānadharmo'pi duṣkaraḥ.

9. anarhate yat dadāti na dadāti yat arhate
anarha-arha-aparijñānāt dāna-dharmaḥ api duṣkaraḥ

9. yat anarhate dadāti,
yat arhate na dadāti,
(tasmāt) anarha-arha-aparijñānāt api dāna-dharmaḥ duṣkaraḥ.

9. When one gives to the undeserving and does not give to the deserving, then, owing to a lack of proper discernment between who is deserving and who is not, the principle of charity (dāna-dharma) itself becomes difficult to uphold.

Words meanings summery:

• अनर्हते (anarhate) - to the undeserving (to one who is undeserving, to the unworthy)

• यत् (yat) - when (referring to the act of giving) (that which, what)

• ददाति (dadāti) - one gives (he gives, one gives)

• न (na) - not, no

• ददाति (dadāti) - does not give (he gives, one gives)

• यत् (yat) - when (referring to the act of giving) (that which, what)

• अर्हते (arhate) - to the deserving (to one who is deserving, to the worthy)

• अनर्ह-अर्ह-अपरिज्ञानात् (anarha-arha-aparijñānāt) - owing to a lack of proper discernment between who is deserving and who is not (from not knowing the undeserving and the deserving, due to lack of distinction between deserving and undeserving)

• दान-धर्मः (dāna-dharmaḥ) - the principle of charity (dāna-dharma) (the natural law of charity, the principle of giving)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• दुष्करः (duṣkaraḥ) - difficult to uphold (difficult to perform, arduous, hard)

Words meanings and morphology

अनर्हते (anarhate) - to the undeserving (to one who is undeserving, to the unworthy)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of anarhat

anarhat - undeserving, unworthy, unfit

Negated adjective from arhat (a- + arhat)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+arhat)

• a – not, non-, un- (negating prefix)
  indeclinable
• arhat – deserving, worthy, venerable, respectable
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root arh (to deserve) + śatṛ
  Root: arh (class 1)

यत् (yat) - when (referring to the act of giving) (that which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

ददाति (dadāti) - one gives (he gives, one gives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

ददाति (dadāti) - does not give (he gives, one gives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

यत् (yat) - when (referring to the act of giving) (that which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

अर्हते (arhate) - to the deserving (to one who is deserving, to the worthy)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of arhat

arhat - deserving, worthy, fit, venerable

Present Active Participle

Derived from root arh (to deserve) + śatṛ

Root: arh (class 1)

अनर्ह-अर्ह-अपरिज्ञानात् (anarha-arha-aparijñānāt) - owing to a lack of proper discernment between who is deserving and who is not (from not knowing the undeserving and the deserving, due to lack of distinction between deserving and undeserving)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of anarha-arha-aparijñāna

anarha-arha-aparijñāna - lack of discernment between the undeserving and the deserving

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anarha+arha+aparijñāna)

• anarha – undeserving, unworthy, unfit
  adjective (masculine)
  Negated adjective from arha (a- + arha)
• arha – deserving, worthy, fit, proper
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: arh (class 1)
• aparijñāna – lack of knowledge, non-understanding, ignorance, indiscernment
  noun (neuter)
  Negated noun from parijñāna (a- + parijñāna)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: jñā (class 9)

दान-धर्मः (dāna-dharmaḥ) - the principle of charity (dāna-dharma) (the natural law of charity, the principle of giving)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāna-dharma

dāna-dharma - the natural law of giving, the principle of charity

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dāna+dharma)

• dāna – giving, gift, charity
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root dā (to give) + lyuṭ
  Root: dā (class 3)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, cosmic order (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain) + manin
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

दुष्करः (duṣkaraḥ) - difficult to uphold (difficult to perform, arduous, hard)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, arduous, hard to accomplish

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+kara)

• dus – bad, evil, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or negativity.
• kara – making, doing, performing, causing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṛ (to do) + ac
  Root: kṛ (class 8)