महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-20, verse-7

ईहते धनहेतोर्यस्तस्यानीहा गरीयसी ।
भूयान्दोषः प्रवर्धेत यस्तं धनमपाश्रयेत् ॥७॥

7. īhate dhanahetoryastasyānīhā garīyasī ,
bhūyāndoṣaḥ pravardheta yastaṁ dhanamapāśrayet.

7. īhate dhanahetoḥ yaḥ tasya anīhā garīyasī bhūyān
doṣaḥ pravardheta yaḥ tam dhanam apāśrayet

7. yaḥ dhanahetoḥ īhate,
tasya anīhā garīyasī yaḥ tam dhanam apāśrayet,
bhūyān doṣaḥ pravardheta

7. For whoever strives for the sake of wealth, non-striving is superior for him. A greater fault would arise for anyone who resorts to such wealth.

Words meanings summery:

• ईहते (īhate) - Striving or seeking material wealth. (strives, endeavors, wishes, desires)

• धनहेतोः (dhanahetoḥ) - Specifies the purpose of the striving. (for the sake of wealth, because of wealth)

• यः (yaḥ) - Introduces the relative clause referring to the person striving for wealth. (who, whoever)

• तस्य (tasya) - Correlative pronoun for "yaḥ", referring to the person who strives for wealth. (his, for him, of him)

• अनीहा (anīhā) - The opposite of striving for wealth, implying contentment. (non-striving, absence of desire, lack of effort)

• गरीयसी (garīyasī) - Indicates that non-striving for wealth is a better path. (better, superior, heavier, more important)

• भूयान् (bhūyān) - Emphasizes the magnitude of the fault. (greater, more, much, abundant)

• दोषः (doṣaḥ) - The negative consequence of depending on wealth. (fault, defect, sin, error)

• प्रवर्धेत (pravardheta) - Describes the consequence (fault) growing for the one who relies on wealth. (would increase, should grow, may grow)

• यः (yaḥ) - Introduces a relative clause, referring to anyone who might resort to wealth. (who, whoever)

• तम् (tam) - Refers to the wealth (`dhanam`) as 'that wealth'. (him, that (masculine/neuter, accusative))

• धनम् (dhanam) - The material possessions being sought or relied upon. (wealth, riches, property)

• अपाश्रयेत् (apāśrayet) - Emphasizes the act of relying on wealth. (would resort to, should depend on, would seek refuge in)

Words meanings and morphology

ईहते (īhate) - Striving or seeking material wealth. (strives, endeavors, wishes, desires)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of īh

Present tense, middle voice

Root 'īh', Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular, present.

Root: īh (class 1)

धनहेतोः (dhanahetoḥ) - Specifies the purpose of the striving. (for the sake of wealth, because of wealth)

(noun)

masculine, singular of dhanahetu

dhanahetu - cause of wealth, for the sake of wealth

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (dhana+hetu)

• dhana – wealth, riches, money
  noun (neuter)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used as an indeclinable 'for the sake of'.

यः (yaḥ) - Introduces the relative clause referring to the person striving for wealth. (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of "īhate".

तस्य (tasya) - Correlative pronoun for "yaḥ", referring to the person who strives for wealth. (his, for him, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, him

Demonstrative/correlative pronoun.

Note: Connects to "anīhā".

अनीहा (anīhā) - The opposite of striving for wealth, implying contentment. (non-striving, absence of desire, lack of effort)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anīhā

anīhā - non-striving, absence of desire, indifference, contentment

Compound with negative prefix 'an' + 'īhā' (desire, effort).

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpurusha (an+īhā)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• īhā – desire, striving, effort
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'īh'.
  Root: īh (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implicit "is".

गरीयसी (garīyasī) - Indicates that non-striving for wealth is a better path. (better, superior, heavier, more important)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of garīyas

garīyas - heavier, weightier, more important, superior, better

Comparative form of 'guru' (heavy, important).

Note: Predicate adjective for "anīhā".

भूयान् (bhūyān) - Emphasizes the magnitude of the fault. (greater, more, much, abundant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūyas

bhūyas - more, much, greater, numerous

Comparative form of 'bahu' (much).

Note: Agrees with "doṣaḥ".

दोषः (doṣaḥ) - The negative consequence of depending on wealth. (fault, defect, sin, error)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, error, sin, evil

From root 'duṣ' (to be corrupt).

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of "pravardheta".

प्रवर्धेत (pravardheta) - Describes the consequence (fault) growing for the one who relies on wealth. (would increase, should grow, may grow)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vṛdh

Optative mood

Root 'vṛdh', Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular, optative, with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Optative mood expresses possibility or wish.

यः (yaḥ) - Introduces a relative clause, referring to anyone who might resort to wealth. (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of "apāśrayet".

तम् (tam) - Refers to the wealth (`dhanam`) as 'that wealth'. (him, that (masculine/neuter, accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, him, it

Demonstrative/correlative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the "dhana" mentioned in "dhanahetoḥ". It functions with "dhanam" as "that wealth".

धनम् (dhanam) - The material possessions being sought or relied upon. (wealth, riches, property)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, money, property

From root 'dhā' (to place) with suffix '-ana'.

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of "apāśrayet".

अपाश्रयेत् (apāśrayet) - Emphasizes the act of relying on wealth. (would resort to, should depend on, would seek refuge in)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of apāśri

Optative mood

Root 'śri' (to lean) with prefixes 'apa' and 'ā'. Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, optative.

Prefixes: apa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)