महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-195, verse-9

यथा प्रदीपः पुरतः प्रदीप्तः प्रकाशमन्यस्य करोति दीप्यन् ।
तथेह पञ्चेन्द्रियदीपवृक्षा ज्ञानप्रदीप्ताः परवन्त एव ॥९॥

9. yathā pradīpaḥ purataḥ pradīptaḥ; prakāśamanyasya karoti dīpyan ,
tatheha pañcendriyadīpavṛkṣā; jñānapradīptāḥ paravanta eva.

9. yathā pradīpaḥ purataḥ pradīptaḥ
prakāśam anyasya karoti dīpyan
tathā iha pañca-indriya-dīpa-vṛkṣāḥ
jñāna-pradīptāḥ paravantaḥ eva

9. yathā purataḥ pradīptaḥ dīpyan pradīpaḥ anyasya prakāśam karoti,
tathā iha jñānapradīptāḥ pañcendriyadīpavṛkṣāḥ paravantaḥ eva

9. Just as a brightly lit lamp, shining forth in front, produces light for another, similarly, here, these 'five-sense-lamp-trees' (pañcendriyadīpavṛkṣāḥ), illumined by knowledge (jñāna), are indeed dependent on a higher power.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• प्रदीपः (pradīpaḥ) - lamp, light

• पुरतः (purataḥ) - in front, before, eastward

• प्रदीप्तः (pradīptaḥ) - kindled, lit, illuminated, burning

• प्रकाशम् (prakāśam) - light, luster, manifestation

• अन्यस्य (anyasya) - of another, for another

• करोति (karoti) - does, makes, performs

• दीप्यन् (dīpyan) - shining, gleaming, burning

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that way

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• पञ्च-इन्द्रिय-दीप-वृक्षाः (pañca-indriya-dīpa-vṛkṣāḥ) - the five sense organs, metaphorically described as lamps and trees, indicating their function and rooted nature (the five sense-lamps (which are like) trees, or trees of the five sense-lamps)

• ज्ञान-प्रदीप्ताः (jñāna-pradīptāḥ) - illuminated or activated by spiritual or intellectual knowledge (jñāna) (kindled by knowledge (jñāna), illumined by knowledge (jñāna))

• परवन्तः (paravantaḥ) - dependent on a higher or external power for their function and illumination (dependent on a superior, having a master, subject to another)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

प्रदीपः (pradīpaḥ) - lamp, light

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradīpa

pradīpa - lamp, light, anything that illustrates or enlightens

From pra-√dīp (to shine forth).

Prefix: pra

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

पुरतः (purataḥ) - in front, before, eastward

(indeclinable)

From pura (front) + suffix -tas.

Note: Adverbial usage.

प्रदीप्तः (pradīptaḥ) - kindled, lit, illuminated, burning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradīpta

pradīpta - kindled, lit, burning, shining, splendid

Past Passive Participle

PPP of pra-√dīp (to shine forth).

Prefix: pra

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'pradīpaḥ'.

प्रकाशम् (prakāśam) - light, luster, manifestation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prakāśa

prakāśa - light, splendor, manifestation, appearance

From pra-√kāś (to shine, appear).

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Object of 'karoti'.

अन्यस्य (anyasya) - of another, for another

(pronoun)

masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Genitive case, meaning 'of another' or 'for another' (dative sense with 'karoti').

करोति (karoti) - does, makes, performs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

present active

3rd person singular present active of root √kṛ, class 8.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

दीप्यन् (dīpyan) - shining, gleaming, burning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīpyat

dīpyat - shining, gleaming, burning

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of root √dīp (to shine), class 4.

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'pradīpaḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that way

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the second part of the comparison.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the earthly context.

पञ्च-इन्द्रिय-दीप-वृक्षाः (pañca-indriya-dīpa-vṛkṣāḥ) - the five sense organs, metaphorically described as lamps and trees, indicating their function and rooted nature (the five sense-lamps (which are like) trees, or trees of the five sense-lamps)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pañcendriyadīpavṛkṣa

pañcendriyadīpavṛkṣa - the five sense-lamp-trees (i.e. the senses as lamps or rooted like trees)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pañcan+indriya+dīpa+vṛkṣa)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• indriya – sense organ, faculty, power
  noun (neuter)
• dīpa – lamp, light
  noun (masculine)
  From pra-√dīp (to shine forth).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dīp (class 4)
• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

ज्ञान-प्रदीप्ताः (jñāna-pradīptāḥ) - illuminated or activated by spiritual or intellectual knowledge (jñāna) (kindled by knowledge (jñāna), illumined by knowledge (jñāna))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñānapradīpta

jñānapradīpta - kindled by knowledge (jñāna), illumined by knowledge (jñāna)

Past Passive Participle as adjective

Compound of jñāna + pradīpta. Pradīpta is PPP of pra-√dīp.

Compound type : tatpurusha (jñāna+pradīpta)

• jñāna – knowledge (jñāna), wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• pradīpta – kindled, lit, shining
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of pra-√dīp.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'pañcendriyadīpavṛkṣāḥ'.

परवन्तः (paravantaḥ) - dependent on a higher or external power for their function and illumination (dependent on a superior, having a master, subject to another)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paravat

paravat - having a superior, dependent on another, subject to another, possessing a higher one

Derived from para (other, superior) with possessive suffix -vat.

Note: Predicate adjective for 'pañcendriyadīpavṛkṣāḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.