महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-184, verse-18

उञ्छवृत्तिर्गृहस्थो यः स्वधर्मचरणे रतः ।
त्यक्तकामसुखारम्भस्तस्य स्वर्गो न दुर्लभः ॥१८॥

18. uñchavṛttirgṛhastho yaḥ svadharmacaraṇe rataḥ ,
tyaktakāmasukhārambhastasya svargo na durlabhaḥ.

18. uñchavṛttiḥ gṛhasthaḥ yaḥ svadharmacaraṇe rataḥ
tyaktakāmasukhārambhaḥ tasya svargaḥ na durlabhaḥ

18. yaḥ uñchavṛttiḥ gṛhasthaḥ svadharmacaraṇe rataḥ tyaktakāmasukhārambhaḥ,
tasya svargaḥ na durlabhaḥ

18. For the householder who subsists by gleaning, who is devoted to the performance of his own inherent duties (dharma), and who has renounced endeavors for sensual gratification and pleasures, heaven is not difficult to attain.

Words meanings summery:

• उञ्छवृत्तिः (uñchavṛttiḥ) - one who subsists by gleaning

• गृहस्थः (gṛhasthaḥ) - householder

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• स्वधर्मचरणे (svadharmacaraṇe) - in the performance of his own duty (dharma), in the practice of his own natural law

• रतः (rataḥ) - devoted, engaged, absorbed in

• त्यक्तकामसुखारम्भः (tyaktakāmasukhārambhaḥ) - one who has abandoned undertakings for sensual desires and pleasures

• तस्य (tasya) - his, for him

• स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven, paradise

• न (na) - not, no

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - difficult to obtain, rare

Words meanings and morphology

उञ्छवृत्तिः (uñchavṛttiḥ) - one who subsists by gleaning

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uñchavṛtti

uñchavṛtti - subsisting by gleaning, living on what is left over

Compound type : tatpurusha (uñcha+vṛtti)

• uñcha – gleaning, picking up grains left in the field
  noun (masculine)
  Root: uñch (class 6)
• vṛtti – livelihood, mode of life, conduct, occupation
  noun (feminine)
  From √vṛt (to be, to exist, to proceed)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The word 'vṛtti' itself is feminine, but the compound 'uñchavṛtti' can refer to a person (masculine/feminine depending on the person). Here it refers to 'gṛhastha', which is masculine.

गृहस्थः (gṛhasthaḥ) - householder

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhastha

gṛhastha - householder, one who stays at home, a married man (second stage of life)

From gṛha (house) + √sthā (to stand, to remain).

Compound type : tatpurusha (gṛha+stha)

• gṛha – house, home
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, staying, situated in
  adjective
  Derived from √sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who (relative pronoun)

स्वधर्मचरणे (svadharmacaraṇe) - in the performance of his own duty (dharma), in the practice of his own natural law

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of svadharmacaraṇa

svadharmacaraṇa - performance of one's own duty or natural law (dharma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (svadharma+caraṇa)

• svadharma – one's own natural law (dharma), duty, inherent nature
  noun (masculine)
• caraṇa – act of going, walking, performance, practice, conduct
  noun (neuter)
  From √car (to move, to practice)
  Root: car (class 1)

रतः (rataḥ) - devoted, engaged, absorbed in

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - delighted, pleased, attached to, engaged in, devoted to

Past Passive Participle

From root √ram (to rejoice, to be pleased).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'gṛhasthaḥ'.

त्यक्तकामसुखारम्भः (tyaktakāmasukhārambhaḥ) - one who has abandoned undertakings for sensual desires and pleasures

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyaktakāmasukhārambha

tyaktakāmasukhārambha - one whose undertakings for desire and pleasure are abandoned

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tyakta+kāmasukhārambha)

• tyakta – abandoned, given up, left
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √tyaj (to abandon)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• kāmasukhārambha – undertakings for sensual desire and pleasure
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'gṛhasthaḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - his, for him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the householder.

स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven, paradise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, abode of the gods, paradise

From svar (heaven) + ga (going).

Compound type : tatpurusha (svar+ga)

• svar – heaven, sky, light
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving, situated in
  adjective
  Derived from √gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - difficult to obtain, rare

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, hard to reach, rare, unattainable

From prefix dur- (difficult) + √labh (to obtain).

Prefix: dur

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'svargaḥ'.