महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-184, verse-11

वानप्रस्थानां द्रव्योपस्कार इति प्रायशः खल्वेते साधवः साधुपथ्यदर्शनाः स्वाध्यायप्रसङ्गिनस्तीर्थाभिगमनदेशदर्शनार्थं पृथिवीं पर्यटन्ति ।
तेषां प्रत्युत्थानाभिवादनानसूयावाक्प्रदानसौमुख्यशक्त्यासनशयनाभ्यवहारसत्क्रियाश्चेति ॥११॥

11. vānaprasthānāṁ dravyopaskāra iti prāyaśaḥ khalvete sādhavaḥ sādhupathyadarśanāḥ svādhyāyaprasaṅginastīrthābhigamanadeśadarśanārthaṁ pṛthivīṁ paryaṭanti ,
teṣāṁ pratyutthānābhivādanānasūyāvākpradānasaumukhyaśaktyāsanaśayanābhyavahārasatkriyāśceti.

11. vānaprasthānām dravyopaskāraḥ iti prāyaśaḥ khalu ete sādhavaḥ
sādhupathyadarśanāḥ svādhyāyaprasaṅginaḥ tīrthābhigamanadeśadarśanārtham
pṛthivīm paryaṭanti teṣām pratyutthāna abhivādana
anasūyāvākpradānasaukhya śaktyāsana śayana abhyavahāra satkriyāḥ ca iti

11. vānaprasthānām dravyopaskāraḥ iti prāyaśaḥ khalu ete sādhavaḥ
sādhupathyadarśanāḥ svādhyāyaprasaṅginaḥ tīrthābhigamanadeśadarśanārtham
pṛthivīm paryaṭanti teṣām ca pratyutthāna abhivādana
anasūyāvākpradānasaukhya śaktyāsana śayana abhyavahāra satkriyāḥ iti

11. Regarding the material provisions for hermits (vānaprasthas): Indeed, generally these virtuous persons, who guide to the path of the good and are devoted to Vedic study (svādhyāya), wander the earth for the purpose of visiting holy places (tīrthas) and seeing different regions. And for them, acts of respect include rising to greet, salutations, absence of envy, offering kind words, friendliness, offering seats and beds according to one's ability (śakti), providing food, and other respectful treatments.

Words meanings summery:

• वानप्रस्थानाम् (vānaprasthānām) - for hermits (vānaprasthas) (of hermits, of forest-dwellers)

• द्रव्योपस्कारः (dravyopaskāraḥ) - material provisions (material provisions, accessories for sustenance)

• इति (iti) - thus (indicating a heading or description) (thus, so, indicates a quote or description)

• प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - generally (mostly, generally, usually)

• खलु (khalu) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

• एते (ete) - these

• साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - virtuous persons (virtuous persons, sages, good people)

• साधुपथ्यदर्शनाः (sādhupathyadarśanāḥ) - who guide to the path of the good (those who see the path of the virtuous, who guide to the path of the good)

• स्वाध्यायप्रसङ्गिनः (svādhyāyaprasaṅginaḥ) - devoted to Vedic study (svādhyāya) (engaged in Vedic study, devoted to self-study)

• तीर्थाभिगमनदेशदर्शनार्थम् (tīrthābhigamanadeśadarśanārtham) - for the purpose of visiting holy places (tīrthas) and seeing different regions (for the purpose of visiting holy places and seeing different regions)

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

• पर्यटन्ति (paryaṭanti) - they wander (they wander, they travel around)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (of them, for them)

• प्रत्युत्थान (pratyutthāna) - rising to greet (rising to greet, standing up to receive)

• अभिवादन (abhivādana) - salutations (salutation, respectful greeting)

• अनसूयावाक्प्रदानसौख्य (anasūyāvākpradānasaukhya) - absence of envy, offering kind words, friendliness (offering of speech without envy and friendliness)

• शक्त्यासन (śaktyāsana) - offering seats according to one's ability

• शयन (śayana) - offering beds (bed, couch, sleeping)

• अभ्यवहार (abhyavahāra) - providing food (eating, food, provision)

• सत्क्रियाः (satkriyāḥ) - respectful treatments (good deeds, respectful treatment, hospitality)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• इति (iti) - thus (indicating conclusion) (thus, so, indicates a quote or description)

Words meanings and morphology

वानप्रस्थानाम् (vānaprasthānām) - for hermits (vānaprasthas) (of hermits, of forest-dwellers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vānaprastha

vānaprastha - forest-dweller, hermit, one who has entered the vānaprastha stage

Masculine noun

द्रव्योपस्कारः (dravyopaskāraḥ) - material provisions (material provisions, accessories for sustenance)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dravyopaskāra

dravyopaskāra - material provisions, accessories for sustenance

Masculine noun, tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dravya+upaskāra)

• dravya – substance, material, wealth, thing
  noun (neuter)
  Neuter noun
• upaskāra – accessory, embellishment, equipment, preparation
  noun (masculine)
  Masculine noun
  Prefix: upa
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - thus (indicating a heading or description) (thus, so, indicates a quote or description)

(indeclinable)

Particle

प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - generally (mostly, generally, usually)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix

खलु (khalu) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

Particle

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural nominative

साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - virtuous persons (virtuous persons, sages, good people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man, sage

Masculine noun

Root: sādh (class 5)

साधुपथ्यदर्शनाः (sādhupathyadarśanāḥ) - who guide to the path of the good (those who see the path of the virtuous, who guide to the path of the good)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhupathyadarśana

sādhupathyadarśana - one who sees the path of the virtuous; showing the right path

Bahuvrīhi compound, masculine plural nominative

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sādhu+pathya+darśana)

• sādhu – good, virtuous, righteous, holy man
  adjective/noun (masculine)
• pathya – suitable, wholesome, salutary; a path
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From path (path)
  Root: path
• darśana – seeing, showing, doctrine, philosophy
  noun (neuter)
  Agent noun / Action noun
  From root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

स्वाध्यायप्रसङ्गिनः (svādhyāyaprasaṅginaḥ) - devoted to Vedic study (svādhyāya) (engaged in Vedic study, devoted to self-study)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of svādhyāyaprasaṅgin

svādhyāyaprasaṅgin - engaged in one's own study (svādhyāya), diligent in sacred recitation

Tatpuruṣa compound, masculine plural nominative

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svādhyāya+prasaṅgin)

• svādhyāya – self-study, study of Vedas, sacred recitation
  noun (masculine)
  Masculine noun, compound (sva + adhyāya)
• prasaṅgin – attached to, connected with, devoted to, engaged in
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sañj with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sañj (class 1)

तीर्थाभिगमनदेशदर्शनार्थम् (tīrthābhigamanadeśadarśanārtham) - for the purpose of visiting holy places (tīrthas) and seeing different regions (for the purpose of visiting holy places and seeing different regions)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīrthābhigamanadeśadarśanārtha

tīrthābhigamanadeśadarśanārtha - for the purpose of visiting holy places and seeing different regions

Tatpuruṣa compound, neuter singular accusative (adverbial use)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tīrthābhigamana+deśadarśana+artha)

• tīrtha – ford, bathing place, holy place, sacred spot
  noun (neuter)
  Neuter noun
• abhigamana – going to, approaching, visiting
  noun (neuter)
  Action noun
  From root gam with prefix abhi
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: gam (class 1)
• deśa – region, place, country
  noun (masculine)
  Masculine noun
• darśana – seeing, looking at, sight
  noun (neuter)
  Action noun
  From root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Masculine noun

Note: Functions adverbially to express purpose.

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - the earth, ground, land

Feminine noun

पर्यटन्ति (paryaṭanti) - they wander (they wander, they travel around)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of paryaṭ

Present active indicative

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice, indicative mood

Prefix: pari

Root: aṭ (class 1)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (of them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural genitive

प्रत्युत्थान (pratyutthāna) - rising to greet (rising to greet, standing up to receive)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratyutthāna

pratyutthāna - rising to greet, standing up to receive

Action noun

Neuter noun, from root sthā with prati + ud

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

अभिवादन (abhivādana) - salutations (salutation, respectful greeting)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhivādana

abhivādana - salutation, respectful greeting

Action noun

Neuter noun, from root vad with abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

अनसूयावाक्प्रदानसौख्य (anasūyāvākpradānasaukhya) - absence of envy, offering kind words, friendliness (offering of speech without envy and friendliness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anasūyāvākpradānasaukhya

anasūyāvākpradānasaukhya - offering of speech without envy and friendliness

Dvandva compound: anasūyā + vākpradāna + saumukhya. Neuter singular.

Compound type : dvandva (anasūyā+vākpradāna+saumukhya)

• anasūyā – absence of envy, non-maliciousness
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine noun, nañ-tatpuruṣa compound
• vākpradāna – offering of speech, kind words
  noun (neuter)
  Neuter noun, tatpuruṣa compound
• saumukhya – friendliness, good countenance
  noun (neuter)
  Neuter noun, derived from sumukha (gracious)

शक्त्यासन (śaktyāsana) - offering seats according to one's ability

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śaktyāsana

śaktyāsana - offering seats according to one's ability

Neuter noun, tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śakti+āsana)

• śakti – power, ability, energy, faculty (śakti)
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine noun
  Root: śak (class 5)
• āsana – seat, sitting, posture
  noun (neuter)
  Action noun
  Neuter noun, from root ās (to sit)
  Root: ās (class 2)

शयन (śayana) - offering beds (bed, couch, sleeping)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śayana

śayana - bed, couch, sleeping, reclining

Action noun

Neuter noun, from root śī (to lie down)

Root: śī (class 2)

अभ्यवहार (abhyavahāra) - providing food (eating, food, provision)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyavahāra

abhyavahāra - eating, food, provision, consumption

Action noun

Masculine noun, from root hṛ (to carry) with abhi + ava

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: hṛ (class 1)

सत्क्रियाः (satkriyāḥ) - respectful treatments (good deeds, respectful treatment, hospitality)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of satkriyā

satkriyā - good deed, respectful treatment, hospitality, proper ceremony

Feminine noun, tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sat+kriyā)

• sat – good, virtuous, real, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• kriyā – action, deed, ritual
  noun (feminine)
  Action noun
  Feminine noun, from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

इति (iti) - thus (indicating conclusion) (thus, so, indicates a quote or description)

(indeclinable)

Particle