महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-178, verse-1

भरद्वाज उवाच ।
पार्थिवं धातुमाश्रित्य शारीरोऽग्निः कथं भवेत् ।
अवकाशविशेषेण कथं वर्तयतेऽनिलः ॥१॥

1. bharadvāja uvāca ,
pārthivaṁ dhātumāśritya śārīro'gniḥ kathaṁ bhavet ,
avakāśaviśeṣeṇa kathaṁ vartayate'nilaḥ.

1. bharadvāja uvāca | pārthivaṃ dhātuṃ āśritya śārīraḥ agniḥ
kathaṃ bhavet | avakāśaviśeṣeṇa kathaṃ vartayate anilaḥ

1. bharadvāja uvāca pārthivaṃ dhātuṃ āśritya śārīraḥ agniḥ
kathaṃ bhavet avakāśaviśeṣeṇa ca anilaḥ kathaṃ vartayate

1. Bhāradvāja said: 'How can the bodily fire (agni) manifest, relying on the earthly constituent (dhātu)? And how does the wind (anilaḥ) operate in particular spaces?'

Words meanings summery:

• भरद्वाज (bharadvāja) - Bhāradvāja (as the speaker) (Bhāradvāja (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• पार्थिवं (pārthivaṁ) - earthly (constituent) (earthly, terrestrial, relating to earth, material)

• धातुं (dhātuṁ) - constituent (earthly material) (element, constituent, metal)

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - relying on (having resorted to, depending on, relying upon)

• शारीरः (śārīraḥ) - bodily (fire) (bodily, corporeal, belonging to the body)

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire (referring to the digestive fire or metabolic processes) (fire, Agni (god of fire), digestive fire)

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how (how, in what manner)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - how can it be, how does it manifest (may it be, should it be, how can it be)

• अवकाशविशेषेण (avakāśaviśeṣeṇa) - in particular spaces/locations (by specific space, by particular opportunity)

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how (how, in what manner)

• वर्तयते (vartayate) - does it function/operate (does it exist, does it move, does it function, does it cause to turn)

• अनिलः (anilaḥ) - wind, air (as a biological principle) (wind, air)

Words meanings and morphology

भरद्वाज (bharadvāja) - Bhāradvāja (as the speaker) (Bhāradvāja (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharadvāja

bharadvāja - Bhāradvāja (proper name of a Vedic sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Root √vac (Gana 2). Perfect tense (liṭ), Active voice, 3rd person, singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

पार्थिवं (pārthivaṁ) - earthly (constituent) (earthly, terrestrial, relating to earth, material)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, terrestrial, material, related to the earth (pṛthivī)

Derived from pṛthivī (earth).

धातुं (dhātuṁ) - constituent (earthly material) (element, constituent, metal)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhātu

dhātu - constituent, element, primary substance, root (of a word), metal, humor

From root √dhā (to place, support, establish)

Root: dhā (class 3)

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - relying on (having resorted to, depending on, relying upon)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix ā + root √śri (to resort to, lean on) + suffix -tya (for absolutive of prefixed verbs).

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

शारीरः (śārīraḥ) - bodily (fire) (bodily, corporeal, belonging to the body)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śārīra

śārīra - bodily, corporeal, physical, relating to the body (śarīra)

Derived from śarīra (body).

अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire (referring to the digestive fire or metabolic processes) (fire, Agni (god of fire), digestive fire)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, digestive fire, heat, Agni (deity)

कथं (kathaṁ) - how (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

भवेत् (bhavet) - how can it be, how does it manifest (may it be, should it be, how can it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative Active

Root √bhū (Gana 1). Optative mood, Active voice, 3rd person, singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अवकाशविशेषेण (avakāśaviśeṣeṇa) - in particular spaces/locations (by specific space, by particular opportunity)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of avakāśaviśeṣa

avakāśaviśeṣa - specific space, particular place, special opportunity

Tatpuruṣa compound: avakāśa (space, room, opportunity) + viśeṣa (distinction, specific, particular).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avakāśa+viśeṣa)

• avakāśa – space, room, interval, opportunity
  noun (masculine)
  From ava + √kāś (to shine, appear)
  Prefix: ava
  Root: kāś (class 1)
• viśeṣa – distinction, specific, particular, difference, peculiarity
  noun (masculine)
  From vi + √śiṣ (to leave, distinguish)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

कथं (kathaṁ) - how (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

वर्तयते (vartayate) - does it function/operate (does it exist, does it move, does it function, does it cause to turn)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Middle

Root √vṛt (Gana 1). Present tense, Middle voice, 3rd person, singular. This form can be `vartayate` in a causative sense or `vartate` as a simple middle voice. Context suggests `vartate` meaning 'exists, functions'.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अनिलः (anilaḥ) - wind, air (as a biological principle) (wind, air)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anila

anila - wind, air, god of wind, vāyu

Literally 'that which is without fire' or 'that which moves without effort'.

Prefix: an-

Root: ila