महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-176, verse-7

तेऽतिष्ठन्ध्यानमालम्ब्य मौनमास्थाय निश्चलाः ।
त्यक्ताहाराः पवनपा दिव्यं वर्षशतं द्विजाः ॥७॥

7. te'tiṣṭhandhyānamālambya maunamāsthāya niścalāḥ ,
tyaktāhārāḥ pavanapā divyaṁ varṣaśataṁ dvijāḥ.

7. te atiṣṭhan dhyānam ālambya maunam āsthāya niścalāḥ
tyaktāhārāḥ pavanapāḥ divyam varṣaśatam dvijāḥ

7. dvijāḥ te tyaktāhārāḥ pavanapāḥ niścalāḥ dhyānam
ālambya maunam āsthāya divyam varṣaśatam atiṣṭhan

7. O twice-born ones (dvija), they remained motionless for a divine hundred years, resorting to meditation (dhyāna) and adopting silence, having given up food and subsisting only on air.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• अतिष्ठन् (atiṣṭhan) - they stood, they remained

• ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation (dhyāna)

• आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - having resorted to, having taken support of

• मौनम् (maunam) - silence

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having adopted, having taken up

• निश्चलाः (niścalāḥ) - motionless, unwavering

• त्यक्ताहाराः (tyaktāhārāḥ) - having renounced food, food-abandoning

• पवनपाः (pavanapāḥ) - drinking air, subsisting on air

• दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine, celestial

• वर्षशतम् (varṣaśatam) - a hundred years

• द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - O twice-born ones

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, it, he, she

Note: Subject of `atiṣṭhan`.

अतिष्ठन् (atiṣṭhan) - they stood, they remained

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of √sthā

Imperfect Active

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice, with augment 'a-'

Root: sthā (class 1)

ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation (dhyāna)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhyāna

dhyāna - meditation, contemplation, thought

from √dhyā (to think, meditate)

Root: dhyā (class 1)

Note: Object of `ālambya`.

आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - having resorted to, having taken support of

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from ā-√labh (to seize, take hold of) + -ya (absolutive suffix)

Prefix: ā

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Modifies the main verb `atiṣṭhan`.

मौनम् (maunam) - silence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mauna

mauna - silence, taciturnity

from muni (sage) + -a (abstraction suffix)

Note: Object of `āsthāya`.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having adopted, having taken up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from ā-√sthā (to take up, resort to) + -ya (absolutive suffix)

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies the main verb `atiṣṭhan`.

निश्चलाः (niścalāḥ) - motionless, unwavering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niścala

niścala - motionless, immovable, steady, firm

from nis-√cal (not moving), formed with a negative prefix

Prefix: nis

Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Adjective describing `te`.

त्यक्ताहाराः (tyaktāhārāḥ) - having renounced food, food-abandoning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tyaktāhāra

tyaktāhāra - abstaining from food, having given up food

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'food having been abandoned'

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tyakta+āhāra)

• tyakta – abandoned, given up, left
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from √tyaj (to abandon) + -ta (ppp suffix)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• āhāra – food, sustenance, taking in
  noun (masculine)
  from ā-√hṛ (to take, bring)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective describing `te`.

पवनपाः (pavanapāḥ) - drinking air, subsisting on air

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pavanapa

pavanapa - drinking air, subsisting on air

Tatpuruṣa compound or Upapada Tatpuruṣa, 'air-drinker'

Compound type : tatpurusha (pavana+pa)

• pavana – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  from √pū (to purify, blow)
  Root: pū (class 9)
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  from √pā (to drink or to protect)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Adjective describing `te`.

दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine, celestial

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, excellent

from div (sky, heaven)

Note: Modifies `varṣaśatam`.

वर्षशतम् (varṣaśatam) - a hundred years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣaśata

varṣaśata - a hundred years, a century

Dvigu compound or Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : dvigu (varṣa+śata)

• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates duration.

द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - O twice-born ones

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, or often specifically a Brahmin), bird, tooth

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'having two births'

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jan)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jan – born, creature
  noun
  from √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: A term of address for members of the first three varṇas, particularly Brahmins.