महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-144, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
ततो गते शाकुनिके कपोती प्राह दुःखिता ।
संस्मृत्य भर्तारमथो रुदती शोकमूर्छिता ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
tato gate śākunike kapotī prāha duḥkhitā ,
saṁsmṛtya bhartāramatho rudatī śokamūrchitā.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tataḥ gate śākunike kapotī prāha duḥkhitā
saṃsmṛtya bhartāram atha u rudatī śokamūrchitā

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
tataḥ śākunike gate duḥkhitā śokamūrchitā rudatī kapotī bhartāram saṃsmṛtya atha u prāha.

1. Bhishma said: Then, after the fowler (śākunika) had left, the female pigeon (kapotī), distressed, overcome with grief, and weeping, spoke, remembering her husband.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• गते (gate) - Part of a locative absolute construction, indicating 'when the fowler had gone'. (when gone, having gone, departed)

• शाकुनिके (śākunike) - Referring to the hunter (lubdhaka) from the previous verse. (fowler, bird-catcher)

• कपोती (kapotī) - female pigeon, female dove

• प्राह (prāha) - she said, she spoke

• दुःखिता (duḥkhitā) - distressed, sorrowful, unhappy

• संस्मृत्य (saṁsmṛtya) - having remembered, recollecting

• भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, maintainer, lord, master

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now, so

• उ (u) - Forms 'atho' with 'atha', often a mere expletive or emphasizing conjunction. (particle (often used for emphasis or as a conjunction))

• रुदती (rudatī) - weeping, crying

• शोकमूर्छिता (śokamūrchitā) - overcome with grief, fainted from sorrow

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name, a character in the Mahābhārata); terrible, formidable

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense form of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Ablative of tad, used as an adverb

गते (gate) - Part of a locative absolute construction, indicating 'when the fowler had gone'. (when gone, having gone, departed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at, past

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

शाकुनिके (śākunike) - Referring to the hunter (lubdhaka) from the previous verse. (fowler, bird-catcher)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śākunika

śākunika - fowler, bird-catcher, one who deals in birds

Derived from śakuna (bird)

कपोती (kapotī) - female pigeon, female dove

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kapotī

kapotī - female pigeon, female dove

Feminine form of kapota

प्राह (prāha) - she said, she spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of praah

Perfect tense form of pra-√ah (or pra-√brū)

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

दुःखिता (duḥkhitā) - distressed, sorrowful, unhappy

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, sorrowful, unhappy, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √duḥkh (to suffer, grieve)

Root: duḥkh (class 10)

संस्मृत्य (saṁsmṛtya) - having remembered, recollecting

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root √smṛ (to remember) with prefix sam- and suffix -ya

Prefix: sam

Root: smṛ (class 1)

भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, maintainer, lord, master

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, maintainer, supporter, lord, master, ruler

Agent noun from √bhṛ (to bear, support)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now, so

(indeclinable)

उ (u) - Forms 'atho' with 'atha', often a mere expletive or emphasizing conjunction. (particle (often used for emphasis or as a conjunction))

(indeclinable)

रुदती (rudatī) - weeping, crying

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √rud (to weep, cry)

Root: rud (class 2)

शोकमूर्छिता (śokamūrchitā) - overcome with grief, fainted from sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śokamūrchita

śokamūrchita - overcome with grief, fainted from sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+mūrchita)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √śuc (to grieve)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• mūrchita – fainted, unconscious, stupefied, overcome
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √mūrch (to faint, grow thick)
  Root: mūrch (class 1)