महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-13, verse-12

भवान्पिता भवान्माता भवान्भ्राता भवान्गुरुः ।
दुःखप्रलापानार्तस्य तस्मान्मे क्षन्तुमर्हसि ॥१२॥

12. bhavānpitā bhavānmātā bhavānbhrātā bhavānguruḥ ,
duḥkhapralāpānārtasya tasmānme kṣantumarhasi.

12. bhavān pitā bhavān mātā bhavān bhrātā bhavān guruḥ
duḥkhapralāpānārtasya tasmāt me kṣantum arhasi

12. bhavān pitā,
bhavān mātā,
bhavān bhrātā,
bhavān guruḥ.
tasmāt,
duḥkhapralāpānārtasya me kṣantum arhasi.

12. You are my father, my mother, my brother, and my spiritual teacher (guru). Therefore, you should forgive me, who am distressed by these lamentations of sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific), sir

• पिता (pitā) - father

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific), sir

• माता (mātā) - mother

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific), sir

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific), sir

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - spiritual teacher, preceptor, heavy

• दुःखप्रलापानार्तस्य (duḥkhapralāpānārtasya) - of one distressed by lamentations of sorrow

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive, to bear, to pardon

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific), sir

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), being, existing

Present Active Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific), sir

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), being, existing

Present Active Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific), sir

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), being, existing

Present Active Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific), sir

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), being, existing

Present Active Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

गुरुः (guruḥ) - spiritual teacher, preceptor, heavy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - spiritual teacher (guru), preceptor, respected person, heavy, important

From root 'gṛ' (to praise) or 'gur' (to raise).

Root: gṛ / gur (class 1)

दुःखप्रलापानार्तस्य (duḥkhapralāpānārtasya) - of one distressed by lamentations of sorrow

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of duḥkhapralāpānārta

duḥkhapralāpānārta - distressed by lamentations of sorrow

Compound of 'duḥkha' (sorrow), 'pralāpa' (lamentation), and 'ārta' (distressed). The 'n' might be a sandhi feature or textual variation.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+pralāpa+ārta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• pralāpa – lamentation, incoherent speech, wailing
  noun (masculine)
  From 'pra' + root 'lap' (to speak).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: lap (class 1)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ṛ' (to go) with 'ā' prefix, or 'ard' (to pain).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ / ard (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'me' (implied).

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as an adverb 'therefore'.

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

Enclitic form of 'aham'.

Note: Here used as dative 'to me' for the verb 'forgive'.

क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive, to bear, to pardon

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of kṣam

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'kṣam'.

Root: kṣam (class 1)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Indicative

Root 'arh', class 1.

Root: arh (class 1)