महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-3, verse-4

अशाश्वतमिदं सर्वं चिन्त्यमानं नरर्षभ ।
कदलीसंनिभो लोकः सारो ह्यस्य न विद्यते ॥४॥

4. aśāśvatamidaṁ sarvaṁ cintyamānaṁ nararṣabha ,
kadalīsaṁnibho lokaḥ sāro hyasya na vidyate.

4. aśāśvatam idam sarvam cintyamānam nararṣabha
kadalīsaṃnibhaḥ lokaḥ sāraḥ hi asya na vidyate

4. nararṣabha cintyamānam idam sarvam aśāśvatam
lokaḥ kadalīsaṃnibhaḥ hi asya sāraḥ na vidyate

4. O best among men, when contemplated, this entire world (loka) is impermanent. The world (loka) is like a plantain tree; indeed, it possesses no essence.

Words meanings summery:

• अशाश्वतम् (aśāśvatam) - impermanent, not eternal

• इदम् (idam) - this

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, everything

• चिन्त्यमानम् (cintyamānam) - being contemplated, being thought of

• नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best among men

• कदलीसंनिभः (kadalīsaṁnibhaḥ) - resembling a plantain tree

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - the world, people

• सारः (sāraḥ) - essence, substance, core

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अस्य (asya) - of this, its

• न (na) - not

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

Words meanings and morphology

अशाश्वतम् (aśāśvatam) - impermanent, not eternal

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aśāśvata

aśāśvata - impermanent, transient, non-eternal, not everlasting

Derived from 'śāśvata' (eternal) with a negative prefix 'a-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śāśvata)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• śāśvata – eternal, perpetual, constant, permanent
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'idam sarvam'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here, the present

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

चिन्त्यमानम् (cintyamānam) - being contemplated, being thought of

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cintyamāna

cintyamāna - being thought, being considered, being reflected upon

Present Passive Participle

Present Passive Participle of root cint (to think, consider), which is a denominative verb from citta (mind) or class 10 root.

Root: cint (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'idam sarvam'.

नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best among men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - best of men, chief of men, eminent man

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

कदलीसंनिभः (kadalīsaṁnibhaḥ) - resembling a plantain tree

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kadalīsaṃnibha

kadalīsaṁnibha - resembling or like a plantain (banana) tree

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kadalī+saṃnibha)

• kadalī – plantain tree, banana tree
  noun (feminine)
• saṃnibha – similar, resembling, like, comparable
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root bhā (to shine) with prefix sam and suffix -a.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhā

Note: Plantain tree is known for having no hard wood or core essence.

लोकः (lokaḥ) - the world, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm, universe, space

Derived from root lok (to see).

Root: lok

सारः (sāraḥ) - essence, substance, core

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāra

sāra - essence, core, substance, strength, value, pith, heartwood

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of this, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Refers to 'lokah' (the world).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vid

Present tense, middle voice form. Root vid (class 4) meaning 'to exist'.

Root: vid (class 4)