महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-3, verse-1

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
सुभाषितैर्महाप्राज्ञ शोकोऽयं विगतो मम ।
भुय एव तु वाक्यानि श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वतः ॥१॥

1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
subhāṣitairmahāprājña śoko'yaṁ vigato mama ,
bhuya eva tu vākyāni śrotumicchāmi tattvataḥ.

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca subhāṣitaiḥ mahāprājña śokaḥ ayam
vigataḥ mama bhūyaḥ eva tu vākyāni śrotum icchāmi tattvataḥ

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca mahāprājña subhāṣitaiḥ ayaṃ mama śokaḥ
vigataḥ tu bhūyaḥ eva tattvataḥ vākyāni śrotum icchāmi

1. Dhritarashtra said: "O greatly wise one, this sorrow of mine has been removed by your excellent sayings. But I indeed wish to hear more words, relating to the true essence (tattva) of things."

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra (name of a king)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सुभाषितैः (subhāṣitaiḥ) - by good sayings, by excellent words, by wise maxims

• महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O greatly wise one, O highly intelligent one

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• विगतः (vigataḥ) - gone, removed, departed, ceased

• मम (mama) - my, mine, of me

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more, repeatedly

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• वाक्यानि (vākyāni) - words, statements, sentences, speeches

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, to listen

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire, I want

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - relating to the true essence (tattva) (truly, in reality, in essence, concerning the truth)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (a proper name, lit. 'one who upholds the kingdom')

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सुभाषितैः (subhāṣitaiḥ) - by good sayings, by excellent words, by wise maxims

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of subhāṣita

subhāṣita - well-spoken, eloquent, a good saying, wise maxim

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Compound of 'su' (good) and 'bhāṣita' (spoken, PPP of bhāṣ).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+bhāṣita)

• su – good, well, easily
  indeclinable
• bhāṣita – spoken, said
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhāṣ (to speak) with past passive participle suffix -ta.
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O greatly wise one, O highly intelligent one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, very intelligent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from prajñā (wisdom).

शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation, anguish

Root: śuc (class 1)

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'śokaḥ'.

विगतः (vigataḥ) - gone, removed, departed, ceased

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vigata

vigata - gone, departed, ceased, removed, passed away

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefix vi- and past passive participle suffix -ta.

Prefix: vi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śokaḥ'.

मम (mama) - my, mine, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

वाक्यानि (vākyāni) - words, statements, sentences, speeches

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vākya

vākya - word, statement, sentence, speech

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, to listen

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root śru (to hear) in -tum.

Root: śru (class 5)

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire, I want

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - relating to the true essence (tattva) (truly, in reality, in essence, concerning the truth)

(indeclinable)

Formed from tattva (truth, reality, essence) with the suffix -tas.