महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-3, verse-2

अनिष्टानां च संसर्गादिष्टानां च विवर्जनात् ।
कथं हि मानसैर्दुःखैः प्रमुच्यन्तेऽत्र पण्डिताः ॥२॥

2. aniṣṭānāṁ ca saṁsargādiṣṭānāṁ ca vivarjanāt ,
kathaṁ hi mānasairduḥkhaiḥ pramucyante'tra paṇḍitāḥ.

2. aniṣṭānām ca saṃsargāt iṣṭānām ca vivarjanāt katham
hi mānasaiḥ duḥkhaiḥ pramucyante atra paṇḍitāḥ

2. atra paṇḍitāḥ aniṣṭānām saṃsargāt ca iṣṭānām
vivarjanāt ca mānasaiḥ duḥkhaiḥ katham hi pramucyante

2. How indeed, are the wise truly liberated (mokṣa) from mental sufferings here, considering they arise from association with undesirable things and avoidance of desirable ones?

Words meanings summery:

• अनिष्टानाम् (aniṣṭānām) - of the undesirable things/persons

• च (ca) - and, also

• संसर्गात् (saṁsargāt) - from contact, from association

• इष्टानाम् (iṣṭānām) - of the desirable things/persons

• च (ca) - and, also

• विवर्जनात् (vivarjanāt) - from avoidance, from abandonment

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• मानसैः (mānasaiḥ) - by mental (sufferings)

• दुःखैः (duḥkhaiḥ) - by sufferings, by pains

• प्रमुच्यन्ते (pramucyante) - they are liberated, they are freed

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this world

• पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - the wise ones, scholars

Words meanings and morphology

अनिष्टानाम् (aniṣṭānām) - of the undesirable things/persons

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, plural of aniṣṭa

aniṣṭa - undesirable, unpleasant, disliked, not wished for

Derived from 'iṣṭa' (desired) with a negative prefix 'an-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+iṣṭa)

• na – not, non-
  indeclinable
• iṣṭa – desired, wished for, agreeable, liked, worshipped
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root iṣ (to wish, desire) or yaj (to worship).
  Root: iṣ/yaj

Note: Agrees with an implied noun like 'vastūnām' (of things) or 'janānām' (of people).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

संसर्गात् (saṁsargāt) - from contact, from association

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃsarga

saṁsarga - contact, association, connection, mingling

Derived from root sṛj (to create, emit, join) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛj

इष्टानाम् (iṣṭānām) - of the desirable things/persons

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, plural of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, wished for, agreeable, liked, worshipped

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root iṣ (to wish, desire) or yaj (to worship).

Root: iṣ/yaj

Note: Agrees with an implied noun like 'vastūnām' (of things) or 'janānām' (of people).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विवर्जनात् (vivarjanāt) - from avoidance, from abandonment

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vivarjana

vivarjana - avoidance, abandonment, exclusion, giving up

Derived from root vṛj (to avoid, abandon) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛj

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

मानसैः (mānasaiḥ) - by mental (sufferings)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of mānasa

mānasa - mental, belonging to the mind, produced by the mind

Derived from 'manas' (mind).

Note: Agrees with 'duḥkhaiḥ'.

दुःखैः (duḥkhaiḥ) - by sufferings, by pains

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, misery, sorrow, uneasiness

प्रमुच्यन्ते (pramucyante) - they are liberated, they are freed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (lat) of pramuc

Present tense, passive voice form. The root is muc (class 6).

Prefix: pra

Root: muc (class 6)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb derived from the pronominal stem 'a' (this).

पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - the wise ones, scholars

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - wise, learned, scholarly, a wise person, a scholar