महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-3, verse-3

विदुर उवाच ।
यतो यतो मनो दुःखात्सुखाद्वापि प्रमुच्यते ।
ततस्ततः शमं लब्ध्वा सुगतिं विन्दते बुधः ॥३॥

3. vidura uvāca ,
yato yato mano duḥkhātsukhādvāpi pramucyate ,
tatastataḥ śamaṁ labdhvā sugatiṁ vindate budhaḥ.

3. viduraḥ uvāca yataḥ yataḥ manaḥ duḥkhāt sukhāt vā api
pramucyate tataḥ tataḥ śamam labdhvā sugatim vindate budhaḥ

3. viduraḥ uvāca yataḥ yataḥ manaḥ duḥkhāt sukhāt vā api
pramucyate tataḥ tataḥ śamam labdhvā budhaḥ sugatim vindate

3. Vidura said: "From whatever sorrow or even happiness the mind is freed, by that very liberation, having attained peace, the wise person finds a good destination."

Words meanings summery:

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from which, whenever

• यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from which, whenever

• मनः (manaḥ) - the mind

• दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from sorrow, from suffering

• सुखात् (sukhāt) - from happiness, from pleasure

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - even, also

• प्रमुच्यते (pramucyate) - is freed, is released

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, in that way

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, in that way

• शमम् (śamam) - peace, tranquility

• लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having attained, having gained

• सुगतिम् (sugatim) - a good state, a good destination

• विन्दते (vindate) - attains, finds, knows

• बुधः (budhaḥ) - the wise person, an enlightened one

Words meanings and morphology

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of a wise character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense (Lit)

3rd person singular, active voice, perfect tense of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from which, whenever

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverb derived from the pronominal stem 'yad' (which).

यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from which, whenever

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverb derived from the pronominal stem 'yad' (which). Repetition implies 'from wherever' or 'from each instance'.

मनः (manaḥ) - the mind

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, consciousness, spirit

दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from sorrow, from suffering

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, misery, sorrow, uneasiness

सुखात् (sukhāt) - from happiness, from pleasure

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, comfort, ease, joy

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

प्रमुच्यते (pramucyate) - is freed, is released

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of pramuc

Present tense, passive (or middle) voice form. The root is muc (class 6).

Prefix: pra

Root: muc (class 6)

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, in that way

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverb derived from the pronominal stem 'tad' (that).

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, in that way

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverb derived from the pronominal stem 'tad' (that). Repetition implies 'from that very instance' or 'in each such case'.

शमम् (śamam) - peace, tranquility

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - tranquility, peace, quietude, cessation, control of mind

Derived from root śam (to be calm, to quiet).

Root: śam

लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having attained, having gained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed from root labh (class 1).

Root: labh (class 1)

सुगतिम् (sugatim) - a good state, a good destination

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sugati

sugati - good state, happy destiny, good course, salvation, virtuous path

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+gati)

• su – good, well, easily
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good' or 'easy'.
• gati – movement, going, path, course, destination, state
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root gam (to go).
  Root: gam

विन्दते (vindate) - attains, finds, knows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vid

Present tense, middle voice form. Root vid (class 6 or 7).

Root: vid (class 6)

बुधः (budhaḥ) - the wise person, an enlightened one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of budha

budha - wise, learned, intelligent, a wise person, an awakened one

Derived from root budh (to know, awaken).

Root: budh