महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-21, verse-12

अहो धिगेषा पतिता विसंज्ञा समीक्ष्य जाम्बूनदबद्धनिष्कम् ।
कर्णं महाबाहुमदीनसत्त्वं सुषेणमाता रुदती भृशार्ता ॥१२॥

12. aho dhigeṣā patitā visaṁjñā; samīkṣya jāmbūnadabaddhaniṣkam ,
karṇaṁ mahābāhumadīnasattvaṁ; suṣeṇamātā rudatī bhṛśārtā.

12. aho dhik eṣā patitā visaṃjñā samīkṣya jāmbūnanadabaddhaniṣkam
karṇam mahābāhum adīnasattvam suṣeṇamātā rudatī bhṛśārtā

12. suṣeṇamātā bhṛśārtā rudatī eṣā adīnasattvam mahābāhum
jāmbūnanadabaddhaniṣkam karṇam samīkṣya visaṃjñā patitā aho dhik

12. Ah, alas! How disgraceful! Susheṇa's mother, utterly distraught and weeping intensely, has fallen unconscious upon seeing Karṇa—the mighty-armed hero of indomitable spirit—wearing his necklace of refined gold.

Words meanings summery:

• अहो (aho) - Oh! Ah! Alas!

• धिक् (dhik) - Shame! Fie! Woe!

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• पतिता (patitā) - fallen, dropped

• विसंज्ञा (visaṁjñā) - unconscious, senseless, bewildered

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having perceived

• जाम्बूननदबद्धनिष्कम् (jāmbūnanadabaddhaniṣkam) - wearing a necklace made of gold from the Jambu river (adorned with a necklace of refined gold)

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa (proper name)

• महाबाहुम् (mahābāhum) - mighty-armed, strong-armed

• अदीनसत्त्वम् (adīnasattvam) - of unyielding spirit, not humble in nature

• सुषेणमाता (suṣeṇamātā) - Karṇa's mother (Rādhā, who is identified as Suṣeṇa's mother in some traditions) (mother of Suṣeṇa)

• रुदती (rudatī) - weeping, crying

• भृशार्ता (bhṛśārtā) - greatly distressed, intensely afflicted

Words meanings and morphology

अहो (aho) - Oh! Ah! Alas!

(indeclinable)

धिक् (dhik) - Shame! Fie! Woe!

(indeclinable)

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etas

etas - this

पतिता (patitā) - fallen, dropped

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, dropped

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √pat (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

विसंज्ञा (visaṁjñā) - unconscious, senseless, bewildered

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of visaṃjñā

visaṁjñā - unconscious, senseless, bewildered

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) with 'saṃjñā' (consciousness)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (vi+saṃjñā)

• vi – apart, asunder, away; prefix indicating separation, intensity, or negation
  indeclinable
• saṃjñā – consciousness, perception, understanding
  noun (feminine)

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √īkṣ (to see) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

जाम्बूननदबद्धनिष्कम् (jāmbūnanadabaddhaniṣkam) - wearing a necklace made of gold from the Jambu river (adorned with a necklace of refined gold)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jāmbūnanadabaddhaniṣka

jāmbūnanadabaddhaniṣka - having a necklace tied with Jāmbūnada gold; adorned with a gold necklace

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jāmbūnada+baddha+niṣka)

• jāmbūnada – gold (from the Jambu river)
  noun (neuter)
• baddha – bound, tied, fastened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √bandh (to bind)
  Root: bandh (class 1)
• niṣka – necklace, golden ornament, coin
  noun (masculine)

Note: Referring to Karṇa

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name); ear

महाबाहुम् (mahābāhum) - mighty-armed, strong-armed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Referring to Karṇa

अदीनसत्त्वम् (adīnasattvam) - of unyielding spirit, not humble in nature

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adīnasattva

adīnasattva - of unyielding spirit, not humble in nature, of strong character

Bahuvrīhi compound. 'a' (not) + 'dīna' (humble/poor) + 'sattva' (spirit/being)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dīna+sattva)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• dīna – humble, poor, miserable, depressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √dī (to decay, be sad)
  Root: dī (class 4)
• sattva – spirit, essence, nature, strength, being
  noun (neuter)

Note: Referring to Karṇa

सुषेणमाता (suṣeṇamātā) - Karṇa's mother (Rādhā, who is identified as Suṣeṇa's mother in some traditions) (mother of Suṣeṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of suṣeṇamātṛ

suṣeṇamātṛ - mother of Suṣeṇa

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (suṣeṇa+mātṛ)

• suṣeṇa – Suṣeṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)

Note: Referring to Karṇa's foster mother, Rādhā, who is also known as Suṣeṇa's mother.

रुदती (rudatī) - weeping, crying

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √rud (to weep)

Root: rud (class 2)

भृशार्ता (bhṛśārtā) - greatly distressed, intensely afflicted

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhṛśārta

bhṛśārta - greatly distressed, intensely afflicted

Karma-dhāraya compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+ārta)

• bhṛśa – very, exceedingly, intensely
  indeclinable
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ṛ (to go, move, suffer)
  Root: ṛ (class 1)