महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-86, verse-3

धर्मागतं प्राप्य धनं यजेत दद्यात्सदैवातिथीन्भोजयेच्च ।
अनाददानश्च परैरदत्तं सैषा गृहस्थोपनिषत्पुराणी ॥३॥

3. dharmāgataṁ prāpya dhanaṁ yajeta; dadyātsadaivātithīnbhojayecca ,
anādadānaśca parairadattaṁ; saiṣā gṛhasthopaniṣatpurāṇī.

3. dharmāgatam prāpya dhanam yajeta
dadyāt sadā eva atithīn bhojayet
ca anādadānaḥ ca paraiḥ
adattam sā eṣā gṛhasthopaniṣat purāṇī

3. Having obtained wealth acquired in accordance with `dharma` (natural law), one should perform Vedic rituals (yajña), give charity, and always feed guests. Furthermore, one should not take what has not been given by others. This is the ancient, secret teaching for the householder.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मागतम् (dharmāgatam) - obtained according to natural law (dharma), acquired righteously

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches, property

• यजेत (yajeta) - one should perform sacrifices (yajña) (one should sacrifice, one should worship, one should perform a yajña)

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give (charity/gifts) (one should give, one should offer)

• सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, constantly)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

• अतिथीन् (atithīn) - guests

• भोजयेत् (bhojayet) - one should feed (one should feed, one should cause to eat)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अनाददानः (anādadānaḥ) - not taking (not taking, not accepting)

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by others (by others, by strangers)

• अदत्तम् (adattam) - not given, ungranted

• सा (sā) - this (feminine) (she, that (feminine))

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• गृहस्थोपनिषत् (gṛhasthopaniṣat) - the secret doctrine/teaching of the householder

• पुराणी (purāṇī) - ancient, old

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मागतम् (dharmāgatam) - obtained according to natural law (dharma), acquired righteously

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmāgata

dharmāgata - obtained according to dharma, acquired righteously

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+āgata)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• āgata – come, arrived, obtained
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  root gam (to go) with upasarga ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies dhanam.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

root āp (to obtain) with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, riches, property

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

Note: Object of prāpya.

यजेत (yajeta) - one should perform sacrifices (yajña) (one should sacrifice, one should worship, one should perform a yajña)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of yaj

Optative Active

root yaj, class 1, Optative, 3rd person singular

Root: yaj (class 1)

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give (charity/gifts) (one should give, one should offer)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dā

Optative Active

root dā, class 3, Optative, 3rd person singular

Root: dā (class 3)

सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, constantly)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, quite

(indeclinable)

अतिथीन् (atithīn) - guests

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of atithi

atithi - guest, stranger, visitor

Note: Object of bhojayet.

भोजयेत् (bhojayet) - one should feed (one should feed, one should cause to eat)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhuj

Optative Active (causative stem)

root bhuj, class 7 (causative), Optative, 3rd person singular

Root: bhuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अनाददानः (anādadānaḥ) - not taking (not taking, not accepting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anādadāna

anādadāna - not taking, not accepting

Negative Present Middle Participle

from ā + dā (to take) with negative prefix an

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (an+ādadāna)

• an – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• ādadāna – taking, accepting
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Middle Participle
  root dā with upasarga ā, present middle participle
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Refers to the householder (implied subject).

परैः (paraiḥ) - by others (by others, by strangers)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, supreme, distant

Note: Agent of 'adattam'.

अदत्तम् (adattam) - not given, ungranted

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adatta

adatta - not given, ungranted

Negative Past Passive Participle

from dā (to give) with negative prefix a

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (a+datta)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• datta – given, granted
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  root dā, past passive participle
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Object of anādadānaḥ (implied: "that which is not given").

सा (sā) - this (feminine) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to "gṛhasthopaniṣat".

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

Note: Refers to "gṛhasthopaniṣat".

गृहस्थोपनिषत् (gṛhasthopaniṣat) - the secret doctrine/teaching of the householder

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gṛhasthopaniṣad

gṛhasthopaniṣad - the secret doctrine/teaching of the householder; a householder's Upaniṣad

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gṛhastha+upaniṣad)

• gṛhastha – householder (one of the four āśramas)
  noun (masculine)
• upaniṣad – secret doctrine, esoteric teaching, Upaniṣad
  noun (feminine)
  Prefixes: upa+ni
  Root: sad (class 1)

पुराणी (purāṇī) - ancient, old

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old, former

Note: Qualifies "gṛhasthopaniṣat".