महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-86, verse-10

अष्टक उवाच ।
कथं स्विद्वसतोऽरण्ये ग्रामो भवति पृष्ठतः ।
ग्रामे वा वसतोऽरण्यं कथं भवति पृष्ठतः ॥१०॥

10. aṣṭaka uvāca ,
kathaṁ svidvasato'raṇye grāmo bhavati pṛṣṭhataḥ ,
grāme vā vasato'raṇyaṁ kathaṁ bhavati pṛṣṭhataḥ.

10. aṣṭakaḥ uvāca katham svit vasataḥ araṇye grāmaḥ bhavati
pṛṣṭataḥ grāme vā vasataḥ araṇyam katham bhavati pṛṣṭataḥ

10. Aṣṭaka asked: "How is it that for one dwelling in the forest, the village comes to be behind them (i.e., no longer their concern)? And how is it that for one dwelling in the village, the forest comes to be behind them (i.e., no longer their concern)?"

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टकः (aṣṭakaḥ) - Aṣṭaka (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• स्वित् (svit) - indeed, perhaps, possibly

• वसतः (vasataḥ) - of one dwelling, of one residing

• अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest, in a wilderness

• ग्रामः (grāmaḥ) - village, community

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, happens

• पृष्टतः (pṛṣṭataḥ) - behind, from behind, in the background, out of mind

• ग्रामे (grāme) - in the village, in the community

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• वसतः (vasataḥ) - of one dwelling, of one residing

• अरण्यम् (araṇyam) - the forest, the wilderness

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, happens

• पृष्टतः (pṛṣṭataḥ) - behind, from behind, in the background, out of mind

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टकः (aṣṭakaḥ) - Aṣṭaka (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭaka

aṣṭaka - Aṣṭaka (proper name of a king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

स्वित् (svit) - indeed, perhaps, possibly

(indeclinable)

वसतः (vasataḥ) - of one dwelling, of one residing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vasat

vasat - dwelling, residing, living

present active participle

present participle of root vas (to dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest, in a wilderness

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness

ग्रामः (grāmaḥ) - village, community

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of grāma

grāma - village, hamlet, community, multitude

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

पृष्टतः (pṛṣṭataḥ) - behind, from behind, in the background, out of mind

(indeclinable)

ग्रामे (grāme) - in the village, in the community

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of grāma

grāma - village, hamlet, community, multitude

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

वसतः (vasataḥ) - of one dwelling, of one residing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vasat

vasat - dwelling, residing, living

present active participle

present participle of root vas (to dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

अरण्यम् (araṇyam) - the forest, the wilderness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

पृष्टतः (pṛṣṭataḥ) - behind, from behind, in the background, out of mind

(indeclinable)