महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-86, verse-11

ययातिरुवाच ।
न ग्राम्यमुपयुञ्जीत य आरण्यो मुनिर्भवेत् ।
तथास्य वसतोऽरण्ये ग्रामो भवति पृष्ठतः ॥११॥

11. yayātiruvāca ,
na grāmyamupayuñjīta ya āraṇyo munirbhavet ,
tathāsya vasato'raṇye grāmo bhavati pṛṣṭhataḥ.

11. yayātiḥ uvāca na grāmyam upayunjīta yaḥ āraṇyaḥ muniḥ
bhavet tathā asya vasataḥ araṇye grāmaḥ bhavati pṛṣṭataḥ

11. Yayāti said: "A sage (muni) who lives in the forest should not partake of things connected with the village. Only then, for such a one dwelling in the forest, does the village truly become a thing of the past (pṛṣṭataḥ)."

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• ग्राम्यम् (grāmyam) - village-related, worldly, belonging to the village

• उपयुन्जीत (upayunjīta) - should use, should employ, should partake of

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• आरण्यः (āraṇyaḥ) - forest-dweller, belonging to the forest

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, contemplative person

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• अस्य (asya) - of him, for him

• वसतः (vasataḥ) - of one dwelling, of one residing

• अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest, in a wilderness

• ग्रामः (grāmaḥ) - village, community

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, happens

• पृष्टतः (pṛṣṭataḥ) - behind, from behind, in the background, out of mind

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayāti (proper name of a king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

ग्राम्यम् (grāmyam) - village-related, worldly, belonging to the village

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of grāmya

grāmya - village-like, rural, worldly, vulgar

उपयुन्जीत (upayunjīta) - should use, should employ, should partake of

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of yuj

Prefix: upa

Root: yuj (class 7)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

आरण्यः (āraṇyaḥ) - forest-dweller, belonging to the forest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āraṇya

āraṇya - forest-dwelling, wild, ascetic, related to the forest

derived from araṇya (forest)

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, contemplative person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit, a silent one

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of him, for him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

वसतः (vasataḥ) - of one dwelling, of one residing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vasat

vasat - dwelling, residing, living

present active participle

present participle of root vas (to dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest, in a wilderness

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness

ग्रामः (grāmaḥ) - village, community

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of grāma

grāma - village, hamlet, community, multitude

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

पृष्टतः (pṛṣṭataḥ) - behind, from behind, in the background, out of mind

(indeclinable)