महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-40, verse-8

ततस्तु राजानममित्रतापनं समीक्ष्य ते तस्य नृपस्य मन्त्रिणः ।
सुवर्णवर्माणमुपेत्य काशिपं वपुष्टमार्थं वरयां प्रचक्रमुः ॥८॥

8. tatastu rājānamamitratāpanaṁ; samīkṣya te tasya nṛpasya mantriṇaḥ ,
suvarṇavarmāṇamupetya kāśipaṁ; vapuṣṭamārthaṁ varayāṁ pracakramuḥ.

8. tataḥ tu rājānam amitrātāpanam
samīkṣya te tasya nṛpasya mantriṇaḥ
suvarṇavarmāṇam upetya kāśipam
vapuṣṭamārtham varayām pracakramuḥ

8. Then, having seen that king, the tormentor of enemies, his (the earlier king's) ministers approached Suvarṇavarman, the lord of Kāśī, and requested him (for marriage) on behalf of Vapuṣṭamā.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

• अमित्रातापनम् (amitrātāpanam) - tormentor of enemies, terrifying to foes

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

• ते (te) - they, those

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• नृपस्य (nṛpasya) - of the king

• मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers, counselors

• सुवर्णवर्माणम् (suvarṇavarmāṇam) - Suvarṇavarman (a proper noun, name of a king)

• उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached, having gone near

• काशिपम् (kāśipam) - the lord of Kāśī, king of Kāśī

• वपुष्टमार्थम् (vapuṣṭamārtham) - for the sake of Vapuṣṭamā, for Vapuṣṭamā

• वरयाम् (varayām) - choice, request (part of a compound verb)

• प्रचक्रमुः (pracakramuḥ) - they chose/requested (they made, they did (in the context of 'varayām pracakramuḥ', they chose/requested))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb

तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or adversative particle

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Object of samīkṣya

अमित्रातापनम् (amitrātāpanam) - tormentor of enemies, terrifying to foes

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amitrātāpana

amitrātāpana - one who torments enemies, terrifying to foes

Compound adjective

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amitra+tāpana)

• amitra – enemy, foe (lit. not a friend)
  noun (masculine)
  Negated noun
• tāpana – one who causes pain, tormentor, heating
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'tap'
  Derived from 'tap' (to heat, torment) + ṇa(ka)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rājānam

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form, with upasarga 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Absolutive, indicating a preceding action

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the ministers

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the king from the previous verse (Vīrasena, father of Vapuṣṭamā)

नृपस्य (nṛpasya) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. protector of men)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, people
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'pā'
  Derived from 'pā' (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies mantriṇaḥ

मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers, counselors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mantrin

mantrin - minister, counselor

Derived from 'mantra'

Note: Subject of 'pracakramuḥ'

सुवर्णवर्माणम् (suvarṇavarmāṇam) - Suvarṇavarman (a proper noun, name of a king)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suvarṇavarman

suvarṇavarman - Suvarṇavarman (a proper name, lit. 'golden-armored')

Compound name

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (suvarṇa+varman)

• suvarṇa – gold, golden, good color
  noun (neuter)
• varman – armor, shield
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of upetya

उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached, having gone near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form, with upasarga 'upa'

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Absolutive, indicating a preceding action

काशिपम् (kāśipam) - the lord of Kāśī, king of Kāśī

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāśipa

kāśipa - lord of Kāśī, a king of the Kāśī kingdom

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāśī+pa)

• kāśī – Kāśī (ancient city, Varanasi)
  proper noun (feminine)
• pa – protector, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'pā'
  Derived from 'pā' (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies suvarṇavarmāṇam

वपुष्टमार्थम् (vapuṣṭamārtham) - for the sake of Vapuṣṭamā, for Vapuṣṭamā

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vapuṣṭamārtha

vapuṣṭamārtha - for the sake of Vapuṣṭamā

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vapuṣṭamā+artha)

• vapuṣṭamā – Vapuṣṭamā (a proper name, lit. 'most beautiful')
  proper noun (feminine)
• artha – sake, purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions as an adverbial phrase, 'for the sake of'

वरयाम् (varayām) - choice, request (part of a compound verb)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of varā

varā - choice, selection, boon, bride

Note: Part of the periphrastic perfect verb 'varayām pracakramuḥ'

प्रचक्रमुः (pracakramuḥ) - they chose/requested (they made, they did (in the context of 'varayām pracakramuḥ', they chose/requested))

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-kṛ

Perfect Active

3rd person plural, Perfect Active, Parasmaipada, with upasarga 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Forms a compound verb with 'varayām' meaning 'they requested/chose'