महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-40, verse-10

सरःसु फुल्लेषु वनेषु चैव ह प्रसन्नचेता विजहार वीर्यवान् ।
तथा स राजन्यवरो विजह्रिवान्यथोर्वशीं प्राप्य पुरा पुरूरवाः ॥१०॥

10. saraḥsu phulleṣu vaneṣu caiva ha; prasannacetā vijahāra vīryavān ,
tathā sa rājanyavaro vijahrivā;nyathorvaśīṁ prāpya purā purūravāḥ.

10. saraḥsu phulleṣu vaneṣu ca eva ha
prasannacetāḥ vijahāra vīryavān
tathā saḥ rājanyavaraḥ vijahrivān
yathā urvaśīm prāpya purā purūravāḥ

10. The valorous one, with a cheerful mind, roamed in the blooming lakes and forests. He enjoyed himself just as Pururavas did in ancient times after obtaining Urvashi.

Words meanings summery:

• सरःसु (saraḥsu) - in lakes, in ponds

• फुल्लेषु (phulleṣu) - in blooming, in expanded, in opened

• वनेषु (vaneṣu) - in forests, in groves

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

• ह (ha) - indeed, oh, alas, certainly

• प्रसन्नचेताः (prasannacetāḥ) - with a cheerful mind, happy-minded

• विजहार (vijahāra) - roamed, enjoyed, diverted oneself

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous, powerful, heroic

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, in that manner

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• राजन्यवरः (rājanyavaraḥ) - best of kings, best among Kshatriyas

• विजह्रिवान् (vijahrivān) - having roamed, having enjoyed

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

• उर्वशीम् (urvaśīm) - The celestial nymph Urvashi, famous in Hindu mythology. (Urvashi (a celestial nymph))

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having attained

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

• पुरूरवाः (purūravāḥ) - The legendary king Pururavas, famous for his love story with Urvashi. (Pururavas (a legendary king))

Words meanings and morphology

सरःसु (saraḥsu) - in lakes, in ponds

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of saras

saras - lake, pond, pool, water

Root: sṛ (class 1)

फुल्लेषु (phulleṣu) - in blooming, in expanded, in opened

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of phulla

phulla - blooming, blossoming, opened, expanded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √phull (to bloom, expand)

Root: phull (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saraḥsu' and 'vaneṣu'.

वनेषु (vaneṣu) - in forests, in groves

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Root: van (class 10)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

(indeclinable)

ह (ha) - indeed, oh, alas, certainly

(indeclinable)

प्रसन्नचेताः (prasannacetāḥ) - with a cheerful mind, happy-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasannacetas

prasannacetas - cheerful-minded, happy-minded, having a clear mind

Bahuvrihi compound 'prasanna' (clear, cheerful) + 'cetas' (mind).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (prasanna+cetas)

• prasanna – clear, bright, serene, cheerful, pleased
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √sad (to sit, settle) with prefix pra- (forth, forward). pra-√sad (to become clear, pleased).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)
• cetas – mind, intellect, consciousness, heart
  noun (neuter)
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vīryavān' and 'rājanyavaraḥ'.

विजहार (vijahāra) - roamed, enjoyed, diverted oneself

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vi-hṛ

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From √hṛ (to take, carry) with prefix 'vi-' (apart, away). vi-hṛ (to roam, sport, enjoy).

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valorous, powerful, heroic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - valorous, brave, powerful, heroic, possessing strength

Possessive adjective formed with suffix -vat from 'vīrya'.

Note: Refers to the main subject of the sentence, likely a king or hero.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, in that manner

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the king mentioned previously or implicitly.

राजन्यवरः (rājanyavaraḥ) - best of kings, best among Kshatriyas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājanyavara

rājanyavara - best of kings, chief of Kshatriyas, excellent warrior

Tatpurusha compound 'rājanya' (Kshatriya, king) + 'vara' (best, excellent).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (rājanya+vara)

• rājanya – king, princely, belonging to the royal class (Kshatriya)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• vara – best, excellent, choice, boon, suitor
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Refers to the same person as 'vīryavān'.

विजह्रिवान् (vijahrivān) - having roamed, having enjoyed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vi-hṛ

hṛ - to carry, take, seize, steal

Past Active Participle

From √hṛ with prefix 'vi-'. Formed with the suffix -vas (kvasu).

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' and 'rājanyavaraḥ'.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb.

उर्वशीम् (urvaśīm) - The celestial nymph Urvashi, famous in Hindu mythology. (Urvashi (a celestial nymph))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of urvaśī

urvaśī - Urvashi (name of a celestial nymph, Apsara)

Note: Object of 'prāpya'.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √āp (to obtain) with prefix 'pra-' (forth). pra-āp (to reach, obtain).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Null for gender/number/case/person because it is an indeclinable gerund.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

पुरूरवाः (purūravāḥ) - The legendary king Pururavas, famous for his love story with Urvashi. (Pururavas (a legendary king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purūravas

purūravas - Pururavas (name of an ancient king, son of Budha and Ila)

Note: Subject of the implied action (roaming/enjoying).