महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-23, verse-4

उपजिघ्रद्भिराकाशं वृक्षैर्मलयजैरपि ।
शोभितं पुष्पवर्षाणि मुञ्चद्भिर्मारुतोद्धुतैः ॥४॥

4. upajighradbhirākāśaṁ vṛkṣairmalayajairapi ,
śobhitaṁ puṣpavarṣāṇi muñcadbhirmārutoddhutaiḥ.

4. upajighradbhiḥ ākāśam vṛkṣaiḥ malayajaiḥ api
śobhitam puṣpavarṣāṇi muñcadbhiḥ mārutoddhutaiḥ

4. The forest was adorned by trees, including sandalwood trees, which, with their great height, seemed to scent the sky. These trees, stirred by the wind, were shedding showers of flowers.

Words meanings summery:

• उपजिघ्रद्भिः (upajighradbhiḥ) - by the trees which, with their height, seemed to scent (the sky) (by those who smell/scent)

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the sky (sky, space, ether)

• वृक्षैः (vṛkṣaiḥ) - by the trees (by trees)

• मलयजैः (malayajaiḥ) - by sandalwood trees (by those born in Malaya; by sandalwood trees)

• अपि (api) - even (emphasizing 'sandalwood trees') (also, even, too)

• शोभितम् (śobhitam) - adorned (referring to the forest, implied 'vanam') (adorned, beautified, splendid)

• पुष्पवर्षाणि (puṣpavarṣāṇi) - showers of flowers (flower-showers, showers of flowers)

• मुञ्चद्भिः (muñcadbhiḥ) - by the trees shedding (flowers) (by those releasing, by those shedding)

• मारुतोद्धुतैः (mārutoddhutaiḥ) - by the trees shaken by the wind (by those shaken by the wind)

Words meanings and morphology

उपजिघ्रद्भिः (upajighradbhiḥ) - by the trees which, with their height, seemed to scent (the sky) (by those who smell/scent)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upajighrat

upajighrat - smelling, scenting, perceiving (by smell)

present active participle

From root ghrā (to smell) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: ghrā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vṛkṣaiḥ'.

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the sky (sky, space, ether)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether, atmosphere

Note: Object of 'upajighradbhiḥ'.

वृक्षैः (vṛkṣaiḥ) - by the trees (by trees)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree, plant

Note: Agent for 'śobhitam', and modifies 'upajighradbhiḥ' and 'muñcadbhiḥ'.

मलयजैः (malayajaiḥ) - by sandalwood trees (by those born in Malaya; by sandalwood trees)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of malayaja

malayaja - born in Malaya; sandalwood (tree or product)

Compound 'Malaya-ja' (born from Malaya).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (malaya+ja)

• malaya – Malaya mountain range (southern India)
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  agent noun/adjective
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying 'vṛkṣaiḥ'.

अपि (api) - even (emphasizing 'sandalwood trees') (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'malayajaiḥ'.

शोभितम् (śobhitam) - adorned (referring to the forest, implied 'vanam') (adorned, beautified, splendid)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śobhita

śobhita - adorned, decorated, splendid, beautiful, shining

past passive participle

From root śubh/śobh (to shine, be beautiful).

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for the implied subject (e.g., 'vanam').

पुष्पवर्षाणि (puṣpavarṣāṇi) - showers of flowers (flower-showers, showers of flowers)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of puṣpavarṣa

puṣpavarṣa - shower of flowers

Compound 'puṣpa-varṣa'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puṣpa+varṣa)

• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
• varṣa – rain, shower, year
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'muñcadbhiḥ'.

मुञ्चद्भिः (muñcadbhiḥ) - by the trees shedding (flowers) (by those releasing, by those shedding)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of muñcat

muñcat - releasing, letting go, shedding, discharging

present active participle

From root muñc (to release, shed).

Root: muñc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'vṛkṣaiḥ'.

मारुतोद्धुतैः (mārutoddhutaiḥ) - by the trees shaken by the wind (by those shaken by the wind)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mārutoddhuta

mārutoddhuta - agitated/shaken by the wind

Compound 'māruta-uddhuta'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māruta+uddhuta)

• māruta – wind, air, Marut (deity)
  noun (masculine)
• uddhuta – shaken, agitated, tossed, stirred up
  verbal_derivation
  past passive participle
  From root dhū (to shake) with prefix ut.
  Prefix: ut
  Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Adjective modifying 'vṛkṣaiḥ'.