महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-18, verse-9

शापमेनं तु शुश्राव स्वयमेव पितामहः ।
अतिक्रूरं समुद्दिष्टं कद्र्वा दैवादतीव हि ॥९॥

9. śāpamenaṁ tu śuśrāva svayameva pitāmahaḥ ,
atikrūraṁ samuddiṣṭaṁ kadrvā daivādatīva hi.

9. śāpam enam tu śuśrāva svayam eva pitāmahaḥ
atikrūram samūddiṣṭam kadrvā daivāt atīva hi

9. Brahmā himself heard this curse, which was exceedingly cruel and had been pronounced by Kadru, quite as if ordained by destiny.

Words meanings summery:

• शापम् (śāpam) - this specific curse (curse, anathema)

• एनम् (enam) - this particular curse (this, that)

• तु (tu) - adds emphasis or mild contrast (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - heard or came to know of (heard)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - Brahmā himself, directly (oneself, personally)

• एव (eva) - emphasizes svayam (himself) (only, just, indeed)

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Brahmā, the creator god (paternal grandfather, great-grandfather; an epithet of Brahmā)

• अतिक्रूरम् (atikrūram) - describing the severity of the curse (extremely cruel, very harsh)

• समूद्दिष्टम् (samūddiṣṭam) - pronounced or uttered (the curse) (declared, pronounced, spoken, intended)

• कद्र्वा (kadrvā) - Kadru, the mother of the Nāgas, who pronounced the curse (by Kadru)

• दैवात् (daivāt) - indicating that the curse was fated or divinely ordained (from fate, by destiny, by divine will)

• अतीव (atīva) - emphasizing the extent of the fate/divine will (exceedingly, very much, extremely)

• हि (hi) - adds emphasis, confirms (for, indeed, because)

Words meanings and morphology

शापम् (śāpam) - this specific curse (curse, anathema)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation, anathema

action noun

from root śap + ghañ (masculine, A-stem)

Root: śap (class 1)

एनम् (enam) - this particular curse (this, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, referring to something close or previously mentioned

Note: Agrees with śāpam.

तु (tu) - adds emphasis or mild contrast (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - heard or came to know of (heard)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

स्वयम् (svayam) - Brahmā himself, directly (oneself, personally)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasizes svayam (himself) (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Brahmā, the creator god (paternal grandfather, great-grandfather; an epithet of Brahmā)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, great-grandfather; Brahmā

Compound pitṛ + mahā

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+mahā)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• mahā – great, large, grand
  adjective

Note: Subject of śuśrāva.

अतिक्रूरम् (atikrūram) - describing the severity of the curse (extremely cruel, very harsh)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atikrūra

atikrūra - exceedingly cruel, very ferocious, most harsh

Compound ati (intensive) + krūra

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+krūra)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very, too much
  indeclinable
• krūra – cruel, harsh, fierce, dreadful
  adjective

समूद्दिष्टम् (samūddiṣṭam) - pronounced or uttered (the curse) (declared, pronounced, spoken, intended)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samuddiṣṭa

samuddiṣṭa - pronounced, declared, specified, aimed at

past passive participle

From root diś with prefixes sam and ud.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: diś (class 6)

कद्र्वा (kadrvā) - Kadru, the mother of the Nāgas, who pronounced the curse (by Kadru)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kadrū

kadrū - Kadru (name of a female divine being, mother of serpents)

Note: Agent of samuddiṣṭam.

दैवात् (daivāt) - indicating that the curse was fated or divinely ordained (from fate, by destiny, by divine will)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, celestial, providential, destiny, fate

From deva + aṇ suffix.

Note: Expresses cause or origin.

अतीव (atīva) - emphasizing the extent of the fate/divine will (exceedingly, very much, extremely)

(indeclinable)

from ati + iva

Note: Intensifier for daivāt.

हि (hi) - adds emphasis, confirms (for, indeed, because)

(indeclinable)