महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-15, verse-2

यं तं देवगणाः सर्वे हृष्टरूपा अपूजयन् ।
मथ्यमानेऽमृते जातमश्वरत्नमनुत्तमम् ॥२॥

2. yaṁ taṁ devagaṇāḥ sarve hṛṣṭarūpā apūjayan ,
mathyamāne'mṛte jātamaśvaratnamanuttamam.

2. yam tam devagaṇāḥ sarve hṛṣṭarūpāḥ apūjayan
mathyamāne amṛte jātam aśvaratnam anuttamam

2. All the hosts of gods, appearing joyful, worshipped that unequalled jewel among horses which was born during the churning of the nectar.

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - that (horse) (whom, which)

• तम् (tam) - that (horse) (him, that)

• देवगणाः (devagaṇāḥ) - hosts of gods

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• हृष्टरूपाः (hṛṣṭarūpāḥ) - appearing joyful (of joyful form/appearance)

• अपूजयन् (apūjayan) - they worshipped

• मथ्यमाने (mathyamāne) - while being churned (being churned (locative singular))

• अमृते (amṛte) - during the nectar (being churned) (in/on nectar)

• जातम् (jātam) - born, produced

• अश्वरत्नम् (aśvaratnam) - jewel among horses, excellent horse

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, unequalled

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - that (horse) (whom, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'aśvaratnam' implicitly.

तम् (tam) - that (horse) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun referring to 'aśvaratnam'.

देवगणाः (devagaṇāḥ) - hosts of gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devagaṇa

devagaṇa - host of gods, assembly of deities

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+gaṇa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – host, multitude, group
  noun (masculine)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'devagaṇāḥ'.

हृष्टरूपाः (hṛṣṭarūpāḥ) - appearing joyful (of joyful form/appearance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭarūpa

hṛṣṭarūpa - having a joyful form, of glad appearance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛṣṭa+rūpa)

• hṛṣṭa – rejoiced, glad, pleased
  adjective
  past participle
  kta suffix from √hṛṣ
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'devagaṇāḥ'.

अपूजयन् (apūjayan) - they worshipped

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pūj

Root: pūj (class 10)

मथ्यमाने (mathyamāne) - while being churned (being churned (locative singular))

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of mathyamāna

mathyamāna - being churned

present passive participle

śānac suffix from √math

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'amṛte'.

अमृते (amṛte) - during the nectar (being churned) (in/on nectar)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - nectar, immortality

Note: Refers to the substance nectar.

जातम् (jātam) - born, produced

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

past participle

kta suffix from √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'aśvaratnam'.

अश्वरत्नम् (aśvaratnam) - jewel among horses, excellent horse

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśvaratna

aśvaratna - jewel among horses, excellent horse

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+ratna)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratna – jewel, gem, treasure
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'apūjayan'.

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, unequalled

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unrivalled, unsurpassed, excellent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+uttama)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective

Note: Agrees with 'aśvaratnam'.