महानिर्वाण-तन्त्रम्
mahānirvāṇa-tantram
-
chapter-11, verse-23
तस्मिन् यच्चासने शास्या अनेकोन्मार्गवर्तिनः ।
पापेभ्यो निर्भये शस्तो लघुपापे गुरुर्दमः ॥२३॥
पापेभ्यो निर्भये शस्तो लघुपापे गुरुर्दमः ॥२३॥
23. tasmin yaccāsane śāsyā anekonmārgavartinaḥ ,
pāpebhyo nirbhaye śasto laghupāpe gururdamaḥ.
pāpebhyo nirbhaye śasto laghupāpe gururdamaḥ.
23.
tasmin yat ca āsane śāsyāḥ aneka-unmārga-vartinaḥ
pāpebhjaḥ nirbhaye śastaḥ laghu-pāpe guruḥ damaḥ
pāpebhjaḥ nirbhaye śastaḥ laghu-pāpe guruḥ damaḥ
23.
tasmin āsane yat anekonmārga-vartinaḥ śāsyāḥ pāpebhyaḥ
nirbhaye (santi) laghu-pāpe guruḥ damaḥ śastaḥ
nirbhaye (santi) laghu-pāpe guruḥ damaḥ śastaḥ
23. In that regard, whatever wrongdoers who wander on various deviant paths are to be chastised, for those who are free from fear of sins, a severe penalty is recommended even for a minor sin.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that regard (in that, in this matter)
- यत् (yat) - which, whatever
- च (ca) - and, also
- आसने (āsane) - in this matter / in this context (on the seat, in the session, in office)
- शास्याः (śāsyāḥ) - those to be chastised (to be punished, to be corrected, subjects)
- अनेक-उन्मार्ग-वर्तिनः (aneka-unmārga-vartinaḥ) - walking on various wrong paths, wandering on diverse deviant ways
- पापेभ्जः (pāpebhjaḥ) - from sins (from sins, than sins)
- निर्भये (nirbhaye) - free from fear (in freedom from fear, fearless)
- शस्तः (śastaḥ) - recommended, prescribed (praised, recommended, declared good, prescribed)
- लघु-पापे (laghu-pāpe) - in a minor sin, in a small offense
- गुरुः (guruḥ) - severe (heavy, severe, grave)
- दमः (damaḥ) - punishment, penalty (punishment, restraint, control)
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that regard (in that, in this matter)
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, this
यत् (yat) - which, whatever
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
आसने (āsane) - in this matter / in this context (on the seat, in the session, in office)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of āsana
āsana - sitting, seat, session, posture
root ās
Root: ās (class 2)
शास्याः (śāsyāḥ) - those to be chastised (to be punished, to be corrected, subjects)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śāsya
śāsya - to be governed, to be punished, to be instructed
Gerundive
Gerundive of root śās
Root: śās (class 2)
अनेक-उन्मार्ग-वर्तिनः (aneka-unmārga-vartinaḥ) - walking on various wrong paths, wandering on diverse deviant ways
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of aneka-unmārga-vartin
aneka-unmārga-vartin - treading on various wrong paths
A tatpurusha/bahuvrihi composite compound.
Compound type : bahuvrihi (aneka+unmārga+vartin)
- aneka – not one, many, various
adjective (masculine) - unmārga – evil path, wrong way, deviant path
noun (masculine)
ut + mārga
Prefix: ut - vartin – moving, abiding, walking
adjective (masculine)
from vṛt
Root: vṛt (class 1)
पापेभ्जः (pāpebhjaḥ) - from sins (from sins, than sins)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, plural of pāpa
pāpa - sin, evil, wicked
Note: Text has pāpebhjaḥ, a common scribal variant for pāpebhyaḥ.
निर्भये (nirbhaye) - free from fear (in freedom from fear, fearless)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of nirbhaya
nirbhaya - fearless, safe, secure
nis + bhaya
Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+bhaya)
- nis – out, away, without
indeclinable - bhaya – fear, terror
noun (neuter)
Root: bhī (class 3)
शस्तः (śastaḥ) - recommended, prescribed (praised, recommended, declared good, prescribed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śasta
śasta - praised, excellent, recommended
Past Passive Participle
PPP of root śaṃs
Root: śaṃs (class 1)
लघु-पापे (laghu-pāpe) - in a minor sin, in a small offense
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of laghu-pāpa
laghu-pāpa - minor sin, light offense
A tatpurusha compound composed of laghu and pāpa.
Compound type : tatpurusha (laghu+pāpa)
- laghu – light, minor
adjective (masculine) - pāpa – sin, evil
noun (neuter)
गुरुः (guruḥ) - severe (heavy, severe, grave)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of guru
guru - heavy, grave, severe, important
दमः (damaḥ) - punishment, penalty (punishment, restraint, control)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dama
dama - taming, subduing, punishment, self-control
root dam
Root: dam (class 1)