भगवद्गीता bhagavad-gītā - chapter-15, verse-20

home » Scriptures Library » Bhagavad Gita

View complete chapter

इति गुह्यतमं शास्त्रमिदमुक्तं मयानघ ।
एतद्बुद्ध्वा बुद्धिमान्स्यात्कृतकृत्यश्च भारत ॥२०॥

20. iti guhyatamaṁ śāstramidamuktaṁ mayānagha ,
etadbuddhvā buddhimānsyātkṛtakṛtyaśca bhārata.

20. iti guhyatamam śāstram idam uktam mayā anagha
etat buddhvā buddhimān syāt kṛtakṛtyaḥ ca bhārata

20. anagha,
bhārata,
iti idam guhyatamam śāstram mayā uktam.
etat buddhvā buddhimān ca kṛtakṛtyaḥ syāt

20. Thus, O sinless one (anagha), this most profound teaching (śāstra) has been revealed by Me. By understanding this, one becomes wise and achieves complete fulfillment, O Bhārata.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, marking conclusion

गुह्यतमम् (guhyatamam) - most secret, most confidential, most profound

शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - teaching (śāstra) (teaching, scripture, treatise, instruction, spiritual science)

इदम् (idam) - this, here

उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken, said, declared, revealed

मया (mayā) - by me

अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one, faultless one

एतत् (etat) - this

बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood, by understanding

बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent, wise, discerning

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, becomes

कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - one who has accomplished one's object, fulfilled in one's actions, having done what ought to be done

च (ca) - and, also

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, marking conclusion

(indeclinable)

गुह्यतमम् (guhyatamam) - most secret, most confidential, most profound

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of guhyatama

guhyatama - most secret, most confidential, most profound

superlative degree of guhya (secret, hidden)

Root: guh (class 1)

शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - teaching (śāstra) (teaching, scripture, treatise, instruction, spiritual science)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śāstra

śāstra - teaching, scripture, treatise, instruction, spiritual science

from śās (to teach, instruct) + tra

Root: śās (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this, here

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Demonstrative pronoun referring to the present teaching.

उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken, said, declared, revealed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared, revealed

Past Passive Participle

from vac (to speak) + kta, which becomes ukta

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Part of the passive construction 'idam śāstram mayā uktam'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in a passive construction.

अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one, faultless one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure

a (negation) + agha (sin, fault)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+agha)

a – not, non, without
indeclinable
negating prefix
agha – sin, fault, evil
noun (neuter)

Note: Address to Arjuna.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Object of the absolutive 'buddhvā'.

बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood, by understanding

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from budh (to know, understand) + ktvā

Root: budh (class 1)

बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent, wise, discerning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of buddhimat

buddhimat - intelligent, wise, discerning

from buddhi (intellect) + matup

Note: Used as predicative adjective with 'syāt'.

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Active

3rd person singular optative active from as, class 2

Root: as (class 2)

कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - one who has accomplished one's object, fulfilled in one's actions, having done what ought to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtakṛtya

kṛtakṛtya - one who has accomplished one's object, fulfilled in one's actions, having done what ought to be done

from kṛta (done) + kṛtya (to be done)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+kṛtya)

kṛta – done, made, performed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from kṛ (to do) + kta
Root: kṛ (class 8)
kṛtya – to be done, duty, action
adjective (neuter)
Gerundive
from kṛ (to do) + yat/ṇyat
Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used as predicative adjective with 'syāt'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'buddhimān' and 'kṛtakṛtyaḥ'.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian

patronymic from Bharata