भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-15, verse-18
यस्मात्क्षरमतीतोऽहमक्षरादपि चोत्तमः ।
अतोऽस्मि लोके वेदे च प्रथितः पुरुषोत्तमः ॥१८॥
अतोऽस्मि लोके वेदे च प्रथितः पुरुषोत्तमः ॥१८॥
18. yasmātkṣaramatīto'hamakṣarādapi cottamaḥ ,
ato'smi loke vede ca prathitaḥ puruṣottamaḥ.
ato'smi loke vede ca prathitaḥ puruṣottamaḥ.
18.
yasmāt kṣaram atītaḥ aham akṣarāt api ca uttamaḥ
ataḥ asmi loke vede ca prathitaḥ puruṣottamaḥ
ataḥ asmi loke vede ca prathitaḥ puruṣottamaḥ
18.
yasmāt aham kṣaram atītaḥ ca akṣarāt api uttamaḥ,
ataḥ loke vede ca puruṣottamaḥ prathitaḥ asmi
ataḥ loke vede ca puruṣottamaḥ prathitaḥ asmi
18.
Because I transcend the perishable and am even superior to the imperishable, therefore I am celebrated in both the world and the Vedas as the Supreme Person (puruṣottama).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because, since, from which
- क्षरम् (kṣaram) - perishable, decaying, liable to destruction, (as noun) the perishable being
- अतीतः (atītaḥ) - gone beyond, passed, transcended, overcome
- अहम् (aham) - I
- अक्षरात् (akṣarāt) - from the imperishable, than the imperishable
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
- च (ca) - and, also
- उत्तमः (uttamaḥ) - highest, best, excellent, supreme
- अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, hence, for this reason
- अस्मि (asmi) - I am
- लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm
- वेदे (vede) - in the Veda, in knowledge
- च (ca) - and, also
- प्रथितः (prathitaḥ) - celebrated, famous, renowned, proclaimed
- पुरुषोत्तमः (puruṣottamaḥ) - the Supreme Person (puruṣottama) (the Supreme Person, the best of persons)
Words meanings and morphology
यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because, since, from which
(pronoun)
Ablative, singular of yad
yad - who, which, that
Note: Used here adverbially as 'because' or 'since'.
क्षरम् (kṣaram) - perishable, decaying, liable to destruction, (as noun) the perishable being
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣara
kṣara - perishable, decaying, liable to destruction
from kṣar (to flow, waste away)
Root: kṣar (class 1)
अतीतः (atītaḥ) - gone beyond, passed, transcended, overcome
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of atīta
atīta - gone beyond, passed, transcended, overcome
Past Passive Participle
from ati- + i (to go) + kta
Prefix: ati
Root: i (class 2)
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I
Note: First person singular pronoun.
अक्षरात् (akṣarāt) - from the imperishable, than the imperishable
(adjective)
Ablative, neuter, singular of akṣara
akṣara - imperishable, indestructible, undecaying, letter, sound
a (negation) + kṣara (perishable)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣara)
- a – not, non, without
indeclinable
negating prefix - kṣara – perishable, decaying, liable to destruction
adjective (neuter)
from kṣar (to flow, waste away)
Root: kṣar (class 1)
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
उत्तमः (uttamaḥ) - highest, best, excellent, supreme
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of uttama
uttama - highest, best, excellent, supreme
superlative degree of ud-
अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, hence, for this reason
(indeclinable)
from pronoun 'a' + suffix -tas
अस्मि (asmi) - I am
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as
Present Active
1st person singular present active
Root: as (class 2)
लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of loka
loka - world, realm, sphere
Root: lok (class 10)
वेदे (vede) - in the Veda, in knowledge
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of veda
veda - sacred knowledge, Veda
from vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
प्रथितः (prathitaḥ) - celebrated, famous, renowned, proclaimed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prathita
prathita - celebrated, famous, renowned, proclaimed
Past Passive Participle
from prath (to spread, become famous) + kta
Root: prath (class 1)
पुरुषोत्तमः (puruṣottamaḥ) - the Supreme Person (puruṣottama) (the Supreme Person, the best of persons)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣottama
puruṣottama - the Supreme Person, the best of persons
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+uttama)
- puruṣa – man, person, soul, spirit
noun (masculine) - uttama – highest, best, supreme
adjective (masculine)
superlative of ud-