वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-7, verse-1

तस्यालयवरिष्ठस्य मध्ये विपुलमायतम् ।
ददर्श भवनश्रेष्ठं हनूमान्मारुतात्मजः ॥१॥

1. tasyālayavariṣṭhasya madhye vipulamāyatam ,
dadarśa bhavanaśreṣṭhaṃ hanūmānmārutātmajaḥ.

1. tasya ālayavariṣṭhasya madhye vipulam āyatam
dadarśa bhavanaśreṣṭham hanūmān mārutātmajaḥ

1. Hanumān, the son of Māruta (Vāyu), saw a large, spacious, and most excellent building within that best of dwellings.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of that dwelling (of that, its)

• आलयवरिष्ठस्य (ālayavariṣṭhasya) - of Ravana's palace complex (of the best dwelling, of the excellent abode)

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, within

• विपुलम् (vipulam) - large, extensive, vast

• आयतम् (āyatam) - spacious, extensive, long

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

• भवनश्रेष्ठम् (bhavanaśreṣṭham) - the most excellent building / best mansion

• हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanumān

• मारुतात्मजः (mārutātmajaḥ) - Hanuman, as the son of Vayu (son of Māruta (Vāyu, the wind god))

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of that dwelling (of that, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to a dwelling, which is neuter.

आलयवरिष्ठस्य (ālayavariṣṭhasya) - of Ravana's palace complex (of the best dwelling, of the excellent abode)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ālayavariṣṭha

ālayavariṣṭha - best dwelling, most excellent abode

Compound: ālaya (dwelling) + variṣṭha (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ālaya+variṣṭha)

• ālaya – dwelling, house, abode
  noun (masculine)
• variṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective
  Superlative form of vara (best)

Note: Modifies madhye indirectly by ownership.

मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, within

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use.

विपुलम् (vipulam) - large, extensive, vast

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vipula

vipula - large, extensive, vast, abundant

Note: Modifies bhavanaśreṣṭham.

आयतम् (āyatam) - spacious, extensive, long

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āyata

āyata - spacious, extensive, stretched, long

Past Passive Participle

Formed with prefix 'ā-' + root 'yam' (to stretch, extend)

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Perfect (Liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd singular active form of root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is Hanumān.

भवनश्रेष्ठम् (bhavanaśreṣṭham) - the most excellent building / best mansion

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhavanaśreṣṭha

bhavanaśreṣṭha - most excellent building, best mansion

Compound: bhavana (building) + śreṣṭha (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhavana+śreṣṭha)

• bhavana – building, house, mansion, abode
  noun (neuter)
  From root bhū (to be, exist)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective
  Superlative form

Note: Object of dadarśa.

हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanumān

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanumān (proper name of the monkey god)

मारुतात्मजः (mārutātmajaḥ) - Hanuman, as the son of Vayu (son of Māruta (Vāyu, the wind god))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārutātmaja

mārutātmaja - son of Māruta (the wind god)

Compound: māruta (of Marut, wind god) + ātmaja (son)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māruta+ātmaja)

• māruta – of the Maruts, wind, wind god (Vāyu)
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: ātman (self) + ja (born from)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Epithet of Hanumān, co-referential with hanūmān.

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