वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-29, verse-5

तस्य पुत्रः प्रियो ज्येष्ठस्ताराधिपनिभाननः ।
रामो नाम विशेषज्ञः श्रेष्ठः सर्वधनुष्मताम् ॥५॥

5. tasya putraḥ priyo jyeṣṭhastārādhipanibhānanaḥ ,
rāmo nāma viśeṣajñaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ sarvadhanuṣmatām.

5. tasya putraḥ priyaḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ tārā-adhipa-nibha-ānanaḥ
rāmaḥ nāma viśeṣajñaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ sarva-dhanuṣmatām

5. tasya priyaḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ tārā-adhipa-nibha-ānanaḥ rāmaḥ
nāma putraḥ viśeṣajñaḥ sarva-dhanuṣmatām śreṣṭhaḥ

5. His beloved, eldest son, whose face resembles the moon, is named Rama. He is an expert and the foremost among all wielders of the bow.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved, pleasing

• ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - eldest, greatest, best

• तारा-अधिप-निभ-आननः (tārā-adhipa-nibha-ānanaḥ) - whose face resembles the moon (lord of stars)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (name)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• विशेषज्ञः (viśeṣajñaḥ) - expert, connoisseur, one who knows distinctions

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, supreme

• सर्व-धनुष्मताम् (sarva-dhanuṣmatām) - of all archers/bowmen

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved, pleasing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, favorite

Root: prī (class 9)

ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - eldest, greatest, best

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, greatest, best, senior

Superlative of 'vṛddha' (old).

तारा-अधिप-निभ-आननः (tārā-adhipa-nibha-ānanaḥ) - whose face resembles the moon (lord of stars)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tārā-adhipa-nibha-ānana

tārā-adhipa-nibha-ānana - one whose face is like the lord of stars (moon)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tārā+adhipa+nibha+ānana)

• tārā – star, pupil of the eye
  noun (feminine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  From 'adhi-' (over) + root 'pā' (to protect, govern)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)
• nibha – like, resembling, similar
  adjective (masculine)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - pleasing, charming; name of a celebrated king, son of Dasaratha

From root 'ram' (to delight, to please)

Root: ram (class 1)

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Often used indeclinably to mean "by name"

विशेषज्ञः (viśeṣajñaḥ) - expert, connoisseur, one who knows distinctions

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśeṣajña

viśeṣajña - expert, discerning, knowing distinctions

Agent Noun

From 'viśeṣa' (distinction, specialty) + root 'jñā' (to know)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viśeṣa+jña)

• viśeṣa – distinction, specialty, peculiarity
  noun (masculine)
  From 'vi-' + root 'śiṣ' (to distinguish)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with, an expert
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun suffix -jña
  From root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, supreme

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).

सर्व-धनुष्मताम् (sarva-dhanuṣmatām) - of all archers/bowmen

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva-dhanuṣmat

sarva-dhanuṣmat - all archers, all bowmen

'sarva' (all) + 'dhanuṣmat' (one possessing a bow)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+dhanuṣmat)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun
• dhanuṣmat – armed with a bow, archer, bowman
  noun (masculine)
  From 'dhanus' (bow) + suffix '-mat'

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