वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-46, verse-6

तदहः प्रथमं कृत्वा मासे प्रस्रवणं गताः ।
कपिराजेन संगम्य निराशाः कपियूथपाः ॥६॥

6. tadahaḥ prathamaṃ kṛtvā māse prasravaṇaṃ gatāḥ ,
kapirājena saṃgamya nirāśāḥ kapiyūthapāḥ.

6. tat ahaḥ prathamam kṛtvā māse prasravaṇam
gatāḥ kapirājena saṅgamya nirāśāḥ kapiyūthapāḥ

6. kapiyūthapāḥ tat ahaḥ prathamam kṛtvā māse
kapirājena saṅgamya nirāśāḥ prasravaṇam gatāḥ

6. Having considered that day as the first (of their search), after a month, the monkey chiefs, having met with the monkey king (Sugrīva), arrived at Praśravaṇa, filled with despair.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• अहः (ahaḥ) - day

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - as the first (adverbial) (first, primary)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having considered

• मासे (māse) - in a month, after a month

• प्रस्रवणम् (prasravaṇam) - to Praśravaṇa Mountain (to Praśravaṇa (mountain), to a spring/stream)

• गताः (gatāḥ) - gone, arrived, reached

• कपिराजेन (kapirājena) - by Sugrīva, the monkey king (by the king of monkeys, by Sugrīva)

• सङ्गम्य (saṅgamya) - having met, having joined, having united with

• निराशाः (nirāśāḥ) - without hope, despairing, hopeless

• कपियूथपाः (kapiyūthapāḥ) - monkey chiefs, leaders of monkey troops

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

अहः (ahaḥ) - day

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - as the first (adverbial) (first, primary)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, primary, chief

Superlative form.

Root: prath (class 1)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having considered

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Formed from root kṛ with suffix tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मासे (māse) - in a month, after a month

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

Root: mās

Note: Indicates time within which an action occurs or after which it occurs.

प्रस्रवणम् (prasravaṇam) - to Praśravaṇa Mountain (to Praśravaṇa (mountain), to a spring/stream)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prasravaṇa

prasravaṇa - spring, stream, waterfall; a specific mountain (Praśravaṇa)

Derived from root sru with pra prefix.

Prefix: pra

Root: sru (class 1)

गताः (gatāḥ) - gone, arrived, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, arrived, reached, obtained

past passive participle

From root gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

कपिराजेन (kapirājena) - by Sugrīva, the monkey king (by the king of monkeys, by Sugrīva)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kapirāja

kapirāja - king of monkeys

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kapi+rāja)

• kapi – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

सङ्गम्य (saṅgamya) - having met, having joined, having united with

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Formed from root gam with sam prefix and suffix ya.

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

निराशाः (nirāśāḥ) - without hope, despairing, hopeless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirāśa

nirāśa - without hope, despondent, despairing

Bahuvrīhi compound, negated with nir.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āśā)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
  Prepositional prefix indicating absence or separation.
• āśā – hope, desire, expectation
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Qualifies kapiyūthapāḥ.

कपियूथपाः (kapiyūthapāḥ) - monkey chiefs, leaders of monkey troops

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kapiyūthapa

kapiyūthapa - leader of a monkey troop

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kapi+yūthapa)

• kapi – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – leader of a troop/herd/company
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from yūtha (group) and pa (protector/leader from root pā).
  Root: pā (class 1)