वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-46, verse-13

गहनेषु च देशेषु दुर्गेषु विषमेषु च ।
सत्त्वान्यतिप्रमाणानि विचितानि हतानि च ।
ये चैव गहना देशा विचितास्ते पुनः पुनः ॥१३॥

13. gahaneṣu ca deśeṣu durgeṣu viṣameṣu ca ,
sattvānyatipramāṇāni vicitāni hatāni ca ,
ye caiva gahanā deśā vicitāste punaḥ punaḥ.

13. gahaneṣu ca deśeṣu durgeṣu viṣameṣu
ca sattvāni atipramāṇāni
vicitāni hatāni ca ye ca eva
gahanāḥ deśāḥ vicitāḥ te punaḥ punaḥ

13. ca gahaneṣu durgeṣu viṣameṣu ca
deśeṣu atipramāṇāni sattvāni
vicitāni ca hatāni ye ca eva
gahanāḥ deśāḥ te punaḥ punaḥ vicitāḥ

13. And in dense, inaccessible, and rugged places, immensely large creatures have been sought and eliminated. Moreover, those very dense regions have been thoroughly searched again and again.

Words meanings summery:

• गहनेषु (gahaneṣu) - in dense, in deep, in impenetrable

• च (ca) - and, also

• देशेषु (deśeṣu) - in places, in regions, in countries

• दुर्गेषु (durgeṣu) - in difficult, in inaccessible, in fortified

• विषमेषु (viṣameṣu) - in uneven, in rugged, in difficult

• च (ca) - and, also

• सत्त्वानि (sattvāni) - beings, creatures, living entities

• अतिप्रमाणानि (atipramāṇāni) - enormous in size, exceptionally large, surpassing in measure

• विचितानि (vicitāni) - searched, investigated

• हतानि (hatāni) - killed, destroyed, struck

• च (ca) - and, also

• ये (ye) - which, who

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

• गहनाः (gahanāḥ) - dense, deep, impenetrable

• देशाः (deśāḥ) - places, regions

• विचिताः (vicitāḥ) - searched, investigated

• ते (te) - those, they

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, repeatedly

Words meanings and morphology

गहनेषु (gahaneṣu) - in dense, in deep, in impenetrable

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of gahana

gahana - deep, dense, impenetrable, profound, difficult

Root: gah

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

देशेषु (deśeṣu) - in places, in regions, in countries

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of deśa

deśa - place, region, country, spot

Root: diś (class 6)

दुर्गेषु (durgeṣu) - in difficult, in inaccessible, in fortified

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of durga

durga - difficult to access, inaccessible, fortified place, fortress

Derived from 'dur' (difficult) and √gam (to go).

Prefix: dur

Root: gam (class 1)

विषमेषु (viṣameṣu) - in uneven, in rugged, in difficult

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, rugged, difficult, dangerous, unequal

From 'vi' (negation/opposite) and 'sama' (even).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सत्त्वानि (sattvāni) - beings, creatures, living entities

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sattva

sattva - being, creature, essence, reality, existence, courage, goodness (guṇa)

From root √as (to be) + suffix -tva.

Root: as (class 2)

अतिप्रमाणानि (atipramāṇāni) - enormous in size, exceptionally large, surpassing in measure

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of atipramāṇa

atipramāṇa - exceedingly large, immense, exceeding the standard measure

Compound: 'ati' (exceeding) + 'pramāṇa' (measure, size).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+pramāṇa)

• ati – beyond, exceedingly, too much
  indeclinable
• pramāṇa – measure, size, extent, proof, authority
  noun (neuter)
  From √mā (to measure) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'sattvāni'.

विचितानि (vicitāni) - searched, investigated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vicita

vicita - searched, investigated, examined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √ci (to collect, observe) with the prefix vi-, forming a past passive participle.

Prefix: vi

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'sattvāni'.

हतानि (hatāni) - killed, destroyed, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'sattvāni'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Relates to 'deśāḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

(indeclinable)

गहनाः (gahanāḥ) - dense, deep, impenetrable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gahana

gahana - deep, dense, impenetrable, profound, difficult

Root: gah

Note: Agrees with 'deśāḥ'.

देशाः (deśāḥ) - places, regions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deśa

deśa - place, region, country, spot

Root: diś (class 6)

विचिताः (vicitāḥ) - searched, investigated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vicita

vicita - searched, investigated, examined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √ci (to collect, observe) with the prefix vi-, forming a past passive participle.

Prefix: vi

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'deśāḥ'.

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers back to 'deśāḥ'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

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