वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-46, verse-10

तं प्रस्रवणपृष्ठस्थं समासाद्याभिवाद्य च ।
आसीनं सह रामेण सुग्रीवमिदमब्रुवन् ॥१०॥

10. taṃ prasravaṇapṛṣṭhasthaṃ samāsādyābhivādya ca ,
āsīnaṃ saha rāmeṇa sugrīvamidamabruvan.

10. tam prasravaṇapṛṣṭhastham samāsādya abhivādya
ca āsīnam saha rāmeṇa sugrīvam idam abruvan

10. Having approached and saluted Sugrīva, who was seated on the summit of Prasravaṇa (mountain) with Rāma, they said this.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Sugrīva) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• प्रस्रवणपृष्ठस्थम् (prasravaṇapṛṣṭhastham) - who was situated on the summit of Prasravaṇa (mountain) (situated on the summit of Prasravaṇa (mountain))

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached (having reached, having approached)

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted (having saluted, having greeted)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• आसीनम् (āsīnam) - who was seated (seated, sitting)

• सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - with Rāma (by Rāma, with Rāma)

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva (Sugrīva (proper name))

• इदम् (idam) - this (speech/words) (this, these (neuter accusative singular))

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said (they said, they spoke)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Sugrīva) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Sugrīva.

प्रस्रवणपृष्ठस्थम् (prasravaṇapṛṣṭhastham) - who was situated on the summit of Prasravaṇa (mountain) (situated on the summit of Prasravaṇa (mountain))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasravaṇapṛṣṭhastha

prasravaṇapṛṣṭhastha - standing/located on the peak/summit of Prasravaṇa (mountain)

Compound of prasravaṇa (Prasravaṇa mountain), pṛṣṭha (back, summit), and stha (standing, situated).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prasravaṇa+pṛṣṭha+stha)

• prasravaṇa – Prasravaṇa (name of a mountain), spring, cascade
  proper noun (neuter)
• pṛṣṭha – back, surface, top, summit
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated, abiding
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tam and sugrīvam.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached (having reached, having approached)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from root √sad (to sit, approach) with prefixes sam- (together, thoroughly) and ā- (towards).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted (having saluted, having greeted)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from root √vad (to speak) with prefix abhi- (towards).

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

आसीनम् (āsīnam) - who was seated (seated, sitting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āsīna

āsīna - seated, sitting

Past Active Participle

From root √ās (to sit).

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Agrees with tam and sugrīvam.

सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/adverb governing instrumental case.

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - with Rāma (by Rāma, with Rāma)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva (Sugrīva (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king, lit. 'beautiful-necked')

Compound su (beautiful) + grīva (neck).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

इदम् (idam) - this (speech/words) (this, these (neuter accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of abruvan.

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of brū

Imperfect (Laṅ)

From root √brū (to speak). a- augment + bruv + an ending.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The implied subject is the group of monkey leaders (Vinata, Śatabali, Suṣeṇa).